Phenyl-substituted 1,3,5-triazine compound, process for producing the same, and organic electroluminescent device containing the same as component

ABSTRACT

A phenyl-substituted 1,3,5-triazine compound represented by the general formula (1): 
     
       
         
         
             
             
         
       
     
     wherein Ar 1  and Ar 2  independently represent substituted or unsubstituted phenyl, naphthyl or biphenylyl group; R 1 , R 2  and R 3  independently represent hydrogen atom or methyl group; X 1  and X 2  independently represent substituted or unsubstituted phenylene, naphthylene or pyridylene group; p and q independently represent an integer of 0 to 2; and Ar 3  and Ar 4  independently represent substituted or unsubstituted pyridyl or phenyl group. This compound is suitable for an organic electroluminescent device.

RELATED APPLICATIONS

The present application is a divisional of U.S. application Ser. No.12/595,795, which is a National Stage of International PatentApplication No. PCT/JP2008/054756, filed Mar. 13, 2008, and claimspriority to Japanese Application No. 2007-104808, filed Apr. 12, 2007.The disclosures of application Ser. Nos. 12/595,795 andPCT/JP2008/054756 are expressly incorporated by reference herein intheir entireties.

TECHNICAL FIELD

This invention relates to a phenyl-substituted 1,3,5-triazine compoundand a process for producing the compound. More particularly it relates aphenyl-substituted 1,3,5-triazine compound useful for an organicelectroluminescent device, and, an organic electroluminescent devicehaving at least one organic compound layer comprising thephenyl-substituted 1,3,5-triazine compound, which exhibits a reducedpower consumption.

BACKGROUND ART

An organic electroluminescent device has a multilayer structurecomprising (i) a luminescent layer comprising a light emitting compound,(ii) a hole transport layer and an electron transport layer, whichsandwich the luminescence layer, and (iii) an anode and a cathode, whichsandwich the hole transport layer, the luminescent layer and theelectron transport layer. The organic electroluminescent device utilizeslight emission (fluorescence or phosphorescence) occurring atdeactivation of an exciton formed by the binding of electron with hole,which are injected in the luminescence layer.

In recent years, a wide spread attention is attracted to an organicelectroluminescent device for next-generation flat panel displays. Thisis because, first, an electroluminescent device can be made into a thinfilm and be rendered light in weight; secondly, power consumption issmall due to the spontaneous light emission; and thirdly, the devicestructure is simple and thus the production cost is low. Various methodscan be adopted for the production thereof, which include, for example,vacuum deposition, spin coating, ink-jet printing, off-set printing andthermal transfer printing.

Now various mobile devices such as cell phones, mobile music devices,and personal digital assistant (PDA) are widely used. However, if mobiledevices can be larger in size or more precise, organicelectroluminescent devices are expected to be used in, for example, flatpanel displays, lighting systems with a surface-light-emitting source,flexible paper-like displays, wearable displays and transparentsee-through displays. Its use is expected to be rapidly spread.

However, an organic electroluminescent device still has many technicalproblems to be solved. Especially its driving voltage is high and theefficiency is low, and thus, its power consumption is large.

The above-mentioned technical problems arise due to the property of thematerial of organic electroluminescent device, especially the propertyof electron transport material. Many materials including triarylaminederivatives have been proposed as a hole transport material, but, onlyseveral reports are found as to the electron transport material.Tris(8-quinolinolato)aluminum (III) (Alq) is already put in practicaluse as an electron transport material, but, its property is poor ascompared with a hole transport material such as, for example,N,N′-bis(1-naphthyl)-N,N′-diphenyl-4,4′-biphenyl (NPD), and an organicelectroluminescent material comprising the electron transport materialhas also poor property.

As other electron transport materials, there can be mentioned oxadiazolederivatives (patent document 1), quinoxaline derivatives (patentdocument 2), triazole derivatives (patent document 3),silacyclopentadiene derivatives (patent document 4), quinolinederivatives (patent document 5), benzimidazole derivatives (patentdocument 6) and benzothiazole derivatives (non-patent document 1).However, organic electroluminescent devices comprising these electrontransport materials still have problems in that their driving voltage ishigh, the film are readily crystallized, and their service life isshort.

Recently, 1,3,5-triazine compounds have been proposed as other electrontransport materials (patent documents 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11).

-   Patent document 1: JP-A H6-136359-   Patent document 2: JP-A H6-207169-   Patent document 3: WO95/25097-   Patent document 4: JP-A 2005-104986-   Patent document 5: JP-A 2006-199677-   Patent document 6: WO2004/080975-   Patent document 7: JP-A 2003-045662-   Patent document 8: JP-A 2003-282270-   Patent document 9: JP-A 2004-022334-   Patent document 10: U.S. Pat. No. 6,225,467-   Patent document 11: U.S. Pat. No. 6,352,791-   Non-patent document 1: Applied Physics Letters, vol. 89, 063504,    2006

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION Problems to be Solved by the Invention

Organic electroluminescent devices comprising the heretofore proposed1,3,5-triazine compounds still do not exhibit a sufficiently reduceddriving voltage and are insufficient in efficiency.

Means for Solving the Problems

The inventors made an extensive research to solve the above-mentionedproblems, and found that the specific phenyl-substituted 1,3,5-triazinecompound according to the present invention is capable of being madeinto an amorphous thin film by any of vacuum deposition method and spincoating method, and, organic electroluminescent devices comprising thephenyl-substituted 1,3,5-triazine compound as electron transportmaterial exhibit a sufficiently reduced driving voltage and a highefficiency, a long service life, and a minimized increase in voltage. Onthe basis of these findings, the present invention has been completed.

Thus, in one aspect of the present invention, there is provided aphenyl-substituted 1,3,5-triazine compound characterized by beingrepresented by the following general formula (1):

wherein:

Ar¹ and Ar² each independently represent a phenyl group, a naphthylgroup or a biphenylyl group, wherein these groups may have at least onesubstituent selected from an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms anda trifluoromethyl group;

R¹, R² and R³ each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a methylgroup;

X¹ and X² each independently represent a phenylene group, a naphthylenegroup or a pyridylene group, wherein these groups may have at least onesubstituent selected from an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms anda fluorine atom;

p and q each independently represent an integer in the range of 0 to 2,wherein, when p is 2, the adjacent X¹s may be the same or different, andwhen q is 2, the adjacent X²s may be the same or different; and

Ar³ and Ar⁴ each independently represent a pyridyl group which may haveat least one substituent selected from an alkyl group having 1 to 4carbon atoms and a fluorine atom, or a phenyl group which may have atleast one substituent selected from an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbonatoms and a fluorine atom.

In another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a processfor producing a phenyl-substituted 1,3,5-triazine compound representedby the following general formula (1a):

wherein Ar¹, Ar², R¹, R², R³, X¹, p and Ar³ are the same as definedbelow with regard to the general formulae (2a) and (3),

characterized by coupling a compound represented by the followinggeneral formula (2a) with a compound represented by the followinggeneral formula (3) in the presence of a metal catalyst;

M-X¹ _(p)—Ar³  (2a)

wherein X¹, p and Ar³ are the same as defined above with regard to thegeneral formulae (1), and

M represents a —ZnR⁴ a group, a —MgR⁵ group, a —SnR⁶R⁷R⁸ group, a—B(OH)₂ group, a —BR⁹ group, a —BF₃ ⁻(Z¹)⁺ group or a —SiR¹⁰R¹¹R¹²group, wherein R⁴ and R⁵ represent a chlorine atom, a bromine atom or aniodine atom; R⁶, R⁷ and R⁸ each independently represent an alkyl grouphaving 1 to 4 carbon atoms; R⁹ represents a methoxy group, an isopropoxygroup, a 2,3-dimethylbutane-2,3-dioxy group, an ethylenedioxy group, a1,3-propanedioxy group or a 1,2-phenylenedioxy group; (Z¹)⁺ representsan alkali metal ion or a quaternary ammonium ion; and R¹⁰, R¹¹ and R¹²each independently represent a methyl group, an ethyl group, a methoxygroup, an ethoxy group or a chlorine atom;

wherein

Ar¹, Ar², R¹, R² and R³ are the same as defined above with regard to thegeneral formula (1), and

Y¹ and Y² each independently represent a chorine atom, a bromine atom,an iodine atom or a trifluoromethylsulfonyloxy group.

In a further aspect of the present invention, there is provided aprocess for producing a phenyl-substituted 1,3,5-triazine compoundrepresented by the above-mentioned general formula (1), characterized bycoupling a compound represented by the above-mentioned general formula(2a) with a compound represented by the above-mentioned general formula(3) in the presence of a metal catalyst to give a compound representedby the following general formula (4); and then, coupling the compound offormula (4) with a compound represented by the following general formula(2b) in the presence of a metal catalyst;

wherein Ar¹, Ar², R¹, R², R³, X¹, p, Ar³ and Y² are the same as definedabove with regard to the formulae (2a) and (3);

M-X² _(q)—Ar⁴  (2b)

wherein

X², q and Ar⁴ are the same as defined above with regard to the generalformula (1), and M is the same as defined above with regard to thegeneral formula (2a).

In a further aspect of the present invention, there is provided aprocess for producing a phenyl-substituted 1,3,5-triazine compoundrepresented by the above-mentioned general formula (1), characterized bycoupling a compound represented by the above-mentioned general formula(2b) with a compound represented by the above-mentioned general formula(4) in the presence of a metal catalyst.

In a further aspect of the present invention, there is provided acompound characterized by being represented by the above-mentionedgeneral formula (4).

In a further aspect of the present invention, there is provided aprocess for producing a compound represented by the above-mentionedgeneral formula (4), characterized by coupling a compound represented bythe above-mentioned general formula (2a) with a compound represented bythe above-mentioned general formula (3) in the presence of a metalcatalyst.

In a further aspect of the present invention, there is provided anorganic electroluminescent device characterized by containing as acomponent a phenyl-substituted 1,3,5-triazine compound represented bythe above-mentioned general formula (1).

Effect of the Invention

The phenyl-substituted 1,3,5-triazine compound according to the presentinvention gives a thin film having outstanding properties in surfacesmoothness, amorphousness, heat resistance, electron transportability,hole blocking capability, resistance to oxidation and reduction,moisture resistance, oxygen resistance and electron injection property.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic cross-section of an organicelectroluminescent device made in Example 12.

EXPLANATION OF REFERENCE NUMERALS

-   -   1. Glass substrate with transparent ITO electrode    -   2. Hole injection layer    -   3. Hole transport layer    -   4. Light emitting layer    -   5. Electron transport layer    -   6. Cathode layer

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

The invention will now be described in detail.

Ar¹ and Ar² each independently represent a phenyl group, a naphthylgroup or a biphenylyl group, wherein these groups may have at least onesubstituent selected from an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms anda trifluoromethyl group;

As specific examples of the phenyl group which may have at least onesubstituent selected from an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms anda trifluoromethyl group, there can be mentioned groups of phenyl,p-tolyl, m-tolyl, o-tolyl, p-trifluoromethylphenyl,m-trifluoromethylphenyl, o-trifluoromethylphenyl, 2,4-dimethylphenyl,3,5-dimethylphenyl, mesityl, 2-ethylphenyl, 3-ethylphenyl,4-ethylphenyl, 2,4-diethylphenyl, 3,5-diethylphenyl, 2-propylphenyl,3-propylphenyl, 4-propylphenyl, 2,4-dipropylphenyl, 3,5-dipropylphenyl,2-isopropylphenyl, 3-isopropylphenyl, 4-isopropylphenyl,2,4-diisopropylphenyl and 3,5-diisopropylphenyl.

The above-mentioned phenyl group further includes, for example, groupsof 2-butylphenyl, 3-butylphenyl, 4-butylphenyl, 2,4-dibutyllphenyl,3,5-dibutylphenyl, 2-tert-butylphenyl, 3-tert-butylphenyl,4-tert-butylphenyl, 2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl, 3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl,2-pentylphenyl, 3-pentylphenyl, 4-pentylphenyl, 2,4-dipentylphenyl,3,5-dipentylphenyl, 2-neopentylphenyl, 3-neopentylphenyl,4-neopentylphenyl, 2,4-dineopentylphenyl, 3,5-dineopentylphenyl,2-hexylphenyl, 3-hexylphenyl, 4-hexylphenyl, 2,4-dihexylphenyl,3,5-dihexylphenyl, 2-cyclohexylphenyl, 3-cyclohexylphenyl,4-cyclohexylphenyl, 2,4-dicyclohexylphenyl and 3,5-dicyclohexylphenyl.

In view of the outstanding property of an organic electroluminescentdevice, groups of phenyl, p-tolyl, m-tolyl, 4-ethylphenyl,4-propylphenyl, 4-isopropylphenyl, 4-butylphenyl, 4-tert-butylphenyl,4-pentylphenyl, 4-hexylphenyl, 3,5-dimethylphenyl and 4-cyclohexylphenylare preferable. Groups of phenyl, p-tolyl, m-tolyl, 3,5-dimethylphenyl,4-butylphenyl and 4-tert-butylphenyl are especially preferable.

As specific examples of the biphenylyl group which may have at least onesubstituent selected from an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms anda trifluoromethyl group, there can be mentioned groups of 4-biphenylyl,4′-methylbiphenyl-4-yl, 4′-trifluoromethylbiphenyl-4-yl,2,5-dimethylbiphenyl-4-yl, 2′,5′-dimethylbiphenyl-4-yl,4′-ethylbiphenyl-4-yl, 4′-propylbiphenyl-4-yl, 4′-butylbiphenyl-4-yl,4′-tert-butylbiphenyl-4-yl, 4′-hexylbiphenyl-4-yl, 3-biphenylyl,3′-methylbiphenyl-3-yl, 3′-trifluoromethylbiphenyl-3-yl,3′-ethylbiphenyl-3-yl, 3′-propylbiphenyl-3-yl, 3′-butylbiphenyl-3-yl,3′-tert-butylbiphenyl-3-yl and 3′-hexylbiphenyl-3-yl.

In view of the outstanding property of an organic electroluminescentdevice, groups of 4-biphenylyl, 4′-mathylbiphenyl-4-yl,4′-tert-butylbiphenyl-4-yl, 3-biphenylyl, 3′-methylbiphenyl-3-yl and3′-tert-butylbiphenyl-3-yl are preferable. 4-Biphenylyl group and3-biphenylyl group are especially preferable.

As specific examples of the naphthyl group which may have at least onesubstituent selected from an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms anda trifluoromethyl group, there can be mentioned groups of 1-naphthyl,4-methylnaphthalen-1-yl, 4-trifluoromethylnaphthalen-1-yl,4-ethylnaphthalen-1-yl, 4-propylnaphthalen-1-yl, 4-butylnaphthalen-1-yl,4-tert-butylnaphthalen-1-yl, 4-hexylnaphthalen-1-yl,5-methylnaphthalen-1-yl, 5-trifluoromethylnaphthalen-1-yl,5-ethylnaphthalen-1-yl, 5-propylnaphthalen-1-yl, 5-butylnaphthalen-1-yl,5-tert-butylnaphthalen-1-yl, 5-hexylnaphthalen-1-yl, 2-naphthyl,6-methylnaphthalen-2-yl, 6-trifluoromethylnaphthalen-2-yl,6-ethylnaphthalen-2-yl, 6-propylnaphthalen-2-yl, 6-butylnaphthalen-2-yl,6-tert-butylnaphthalen-2-yl, 6-hexylnaphthalen-2-yl,7-methylnaphthalen-2-yl, 7-trifluoromethylnaphthalen-2-yl,7-ethylnaphthalen-2-yl, 7-propylnaphthalen-2-yl, 7-butylnaphthalen-2-yl,7-tert-butylnaphthalen-2-yl and 7-hexylnaphthalen-2-yl.

In view of the outstanding property of an organic electroluminescentdevice, groups of 1-naphthyl, 4-methylnaphthalen-1-yl,4-tert-butylnaphthalen-1-yl, 5-methylnaphthalen-1-yl,5-tert-butylnaphthalen-1-yl, 2-naphthyl, 6-methylnaphthalen-2-yl,6-tert-butylnaphthalen-2-yl, 7-methylnaphthalen-2-yl and7-tert-butylnaphthalen-2-yl are preferable. 1-Naphthyl group and2-naphthyl group are especially preferable.

R¹, R² and R³ each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a methylgroup. Of these, a hydrogen atom is preferable in view of theoutstanding property of an organic electroluminescent device.

X¹ and X² each independently represent a phenylene group, a naphthylenegroup or a pyridylene group, wherein these groups may have at least onesubstituent selected from an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms anda fluorine atom.

As specific examples of the phenylene group for X¹ and X², there can bementioned groups of 1,3-phenylene, 2-methyl-1,3-phenylene,4-methyl-1,3-phenylene, 5-methyl-1,3-phenylene,2-tert-butyl-1,3-phenylene, 4-tert-butyl-1,3-phenylene,5-tert-butyl-1,3-phenylene, 1,4-phenylene, 2-methyl-1,4-phenylene,2-tert-butyl-1,4-phenylene, 2-fluoro-1,4-phenylene,3-fluoro-1,4-phenylene, 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-1,4-phenylene and2,5-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene.

As specific examples of the naphthylene group for X¹ and X², there canbe mentioned groups of 1,4-naphthylene, 2-methyl-1,4-naphthylene,5-methyl-1,4-naphthylene, 6-methyl-1,4-naphthylene,2-tert-butyl-1,4-naphthylene, 5-tert-butyl-1,4-naphthylene,6-tert-butyl-1,4-naphthylene, 1,5-naphthylene, 2-methyl-1,5-naphthylene,3-methyl-1,5-naphthylene, 4-methyl-1,5-naphthylene,2-tert-butyl-1,5-naphthylene, 3-tert-butyl-1,5-naphthylene,4-tert-butyl-1,5-naphthylene, 2,6-naphthylene, 1-methyl-2,6-naphthylene,3-methyl-2,6-naphthylene, 4-methyl-2,6-naphthylene,1-tert-butyl-2,6-naphthylene, 3-tert-butyl-2,6-naphthylene and4-tert-butyl-2,6-naphthylene.

As specific examples of the pyridylene group for X¹ and X², there cab bementioned groups of 2,4-pyridylene, 3-methyl-2,4-pyridylene,5-methyl-2,4-pyridylene, 6-methyl-2,4-pyridylene,3-tert-butyl-2,4-pyridylene, 5-tert-butyl-2,4-pyridylene,6-tert-butyl-2,4-pyridylene, 2,5-pyridylene, 3-methyl-2,5-pyridylene,4-methyl-2,5-pyridylene, 6-methyl-2,5-pyridylene,3-tert-butyl-2,5-pyridylene, 4-tert-butyl-2,5-pyridylene,6-tert-butyl-2,5-pyridylene, 2,6-pyridylene, 3-methyl-2,6-pyridylene,4-methyl-2,6-pyridylene, 3-tert-butyl-2,6-pyridylene and4-tert-butyl-2,6-pyridylene.

The pyridylene group for X¹ and X² further includes, for example,3,5-pyridylene, 2-methyl-3,5-pyridylene, 4-methyl-3,5-pyridylene,6-methyl-3,5-pyridylene, 2-tert-butyl-3,5-pyridylene,4-tert-butyl-3,5-pyridylene, 6-tert-butyl-3,5-pyridylene,3,6-pyridylene, 2-methyl-3,6-pyridylene, 4-methyl-3,6-pyridylene,5-methyl-3,6-pyridylene, 2-tert-butyl-3,6-pyridylene,4-tert-butyl-3,6-pyridylene, 5-tert-butyl-3,6-pyridylene,4,6-pyridylene, 2-methyl-4,6-pyridylene, 3-methyl-4,6-pyridylene,5-methyl-4,6-pyridylene, 2-tert-butyl-4,6-pyridylene,3-tert-butyl-4,6-pyridylene and 5-tert-butyl-4,6-pyridylene.

In view of the outstanding property of an organic electroluminescentdevice, groups of 1,3-phenylene, 1,4-phenylene,2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-1,4-phenylene, 2,5-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene,1,4-naphthylene, 1,5-naphthylene, 2,6-naphthylene, 2,4-pyridylene,2,6-pyridylene, 3,5-pyridylene 3,6-pyridylene and 4,6-pyridylene arepreferable.

Ar³ and Ar⁴ each independently represent a pyridyl group which may haveat least one substituent selected from an alkyl group having 1 to 4carbon atoms and a fluorine atom, or a phenyl group which may have atleast one substituent selected from an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbonatoms and a fluorine atom.

As specific examples of the pyridyl group for Ar³ and Ar⁴ which may haveat least one substituent selected from an alkyl group having 1 to 4carbon atoms and a fluorine atom, there can be mentioned groups of2-pyridyl, 3-methylpyridin-2-yl, 4-methylpyridin-2-yl,5-methylpyridin-2-yl, 6-methylpyridin-2-yl, 3-ethylpyridin-2-yl,4-ethylpyridin-2-yl, 5-ethylpyridin-2-yl, 6-ethylpyridin-2-yl,3-propylpyridin-2-yl, 4-propylpyridin-2-yl, 5-propylpyridin-2-yl,6-propylpyridin-2-yl, 3-butylpyridin-2-yl, 4-butylpyridin-2-yl,5-butylpyridin-2-yl, 6-butylpyridin-2-yl, 3-tert-butylpyridin-2-yl,4-tert-butylpyridin-2-yl and 5-tert-butylpyridin-2-yl.

The pyridyl group for Ar³ and Ar⁴ further includes, for example,6-tert-butylpyridin-2-yl, 3-fluoropyridin-2-yl, 4-fluoropyridin-2-yl,5-fluoropyridin-2-yl, 6-fluoropyridin-2-yl, 3-pyridyl,2-methylpyridin-3-yl, 4-methylpyridin-3-yl, 5-methylpyridin-3-yl,6-methylpyridin-3-yl, 2-ethylpyridin-3-yl, 4-ethylpyridin-3-yl,5-ethylpyridin-3-yl, 6-ethylpyridin-3-yl, 2-propylpyridin-3-yl,4-propylpyridin-3-yl, 5-propylpyridin-3-yl, 6-propylpyridin-3-yl,2-butylpyridin-3-yl, 4-butylpyridin-3-yl, 5-butylpyridin-3-yl,6-butylpyridin-3-yl, 2-tert-butylpyridin-3-yl and4-tert-butylpyridin-3-yl.

The pyridyl group for Ar³ and Ar⁴ further includes, for example,5-tert-butylpyridin-3-yl, 6-tert-butylpyridin-3-yl,2-fluoropyridin-3-yl, 2-fluoropyridin-4-yl, 2-fluoropyridin-5-yl,2-fluoropyridin-6-yl, 4-pyridyl, 2-methylpyridin-4-yl,3-methylpyridin-4-yl, 2-ethylpyridin-4-yl, 3-ethylpyridin-4-yl,2-propylpyridin-4-yl, 3-propylpyridin-4-yl, 2-butylpyridin-4-yl,3-butylpyridin-4-yl, 2-tert-butylpyridin-4-yl, 3-tert-butylpyridin-4-yland 1-fluoropyridin-4-yl.

As specific examples of the phenyl group for Ar³ and Ar⁴ which may haveat least one substituent selected from an alkyl group having 1 to 4carbon atoms and a fluorine atom, there can be mentioned groups ofphenyl, o-tolyl, m-tolyl, p-tolyl, 2-ethylphenyl, 3-ethylphenyl,4-ethylphenyl, 2-propylphenyl, 3-propylphenyl, 4-propylphenyl,2-butylphenyl, 3-butylphenyl, 4-butylphenyl, 2-tert-butylphenyl,3-tert-butylphenyl, 4-tert-butylphenyl, 2-fluorophenyl, 3-fluorophenyland 4-fluorophenyl.

In view of the outstanding property of an organic electroluminescentdevice, the pyridyl and phenyl groups for Ar³ and Ar⁴ are preferablyselected from groups of 2-pyridyl, 3-pyridyl, 4-pyridyl, phenyl and4-tert-butylphenyl.

Further, in view of the outstanding property of an organicelectroluminescent device, at least one of Ar³ and Ar⁴ is morepreferably selected from groups of 2-pyridyl, 3-pyridyl and 4-pyridyl.2-Pyridyl group is especially preferable.

When p is 1 or 2, the X¹- and Ar³-containing substituents, i.e., —X¹—Ar³and —X¹—X¹—Ar³ include, for example, the following skeletal structures(I) through (ZXXVI) can be mentioned, but, the substituents —X¹—Ar³ and—X¹—X¹—Ar³ are not particularly limited thereto.

When q is 1 or 2, the X²- and Ar⁴-containing substituents, i.e., —X²—Ar⁴and —X²—X²—Ar⁴ include, for example, the above-listed skeletalstructures (I) through (LXXVI) can be mentioned, but, the substituents—X¹—Ar³ and —X¹—X¹—Ar³ are not particularly limited thereto.

In the general formula (3), Y¹ and Y² are preferably selected from abromine atom, an iodine atom and a chlorine atom in view of the yieldand the selectivity.

The production process according to the present invention will now bedescribed.

Phenyl-substituted 1,3,5-triazine compound (1a) can be produced by aprocess comprising the following step “P-1” and the succeeding step “A”.

Step P-1 comprises the preparation of a compound represented by theabove-mentioned general formula (2a), which is used for the preparationof the phenyl-substituted 1,3,5-triazine compound (1a), from a statingcompound represented by the following general formula (5a).

Y³—X¹ _(p)—Ar³  (5a)

wherein X¹, p, and Ar³ are as defined above, and Y³ represents a leavinggroup. The reaction in the step P-1 is illustrated by the followingscheme.

Step P-1

wherein Y³, X¹, p, Ar³ and M are the same as defined above.

In step P-1, the compound (5a) is lithiated by a lithium reagent such asbutyllithium or tert-butyllithium, and then, the lithiated product isreacted with a reagent for coupling to give the compound (2a) which isconventionally used for a coupling reaction.

As specific examples of the reagent for coupling, there can be mentioneddichloro(tetramethylethylenediamine)zinc(II), zinc chloride, zincbromide, zinc iodide, trimethyltin chloride, tributyltin chloride,tribuyltin hydride, hexamethyldistannane, hexabutyldistannane, boricacid, trimethyl borate, triisopropyl borate,(2,3-dimethylbutane-2,3-dioxy)borane,(2,3-dimethylbutane-2,3-dioxy)methoxyborane,(2,3-dimethylbutane-2,3-dioxy)isopropoxyborane, ethylenedioxyborane,1,3-propanedioxyborane, bis(2,3-dimethylbutane-2,3-dioxy)diborane,1,2-phenylenedioxyborane, trimethoxysilane, triethoxysilane anddichlorodiethylsilane.

By the reaction of the lithiated product with these reagents forcoupling, the compound (2a) can be obtained, which includes, forexample, the following species as M: —ZnCl, —ZnBr, —ZnI, —Sn(CH₃)₃,—Sn(C₄H₉)₃, —B(OH)₂, —B(OMe)₂, —B(O-iso-C₃H₇)₂,—B(2,3-dimethylbutane-2,3-dioxy), —B(ethylenedioxy),—B(1,3-propanedioxy), —B(1,2-phenylenedioxy), —Si(OCH₃)₃, —Si(OC₂H₅)₃and —SiCl₂(C₂H₅).

As a modification of the above-mentioned step, when the lithiatedproduct is reacted with a boric acid ester as a reagent for coupling,its reaction product can be reacted with hydrofluoric acid, and then thethus-obtained reaction product is treated with, for example, potassiumcarbonate, cesium carbonate or tetrabutylammonium fluoride to give acompound having a salt species as M such as —BF₃ ⁻K⁺, —BF₃ ⁻Cs⁺ or —BF₃⁻N(C₄H₉)₄ ⁺.

Alternatively, the compound (5a) can be directly reacted with, forexample, magnesium bromide or isopropylmagnesium bromide, withoutlithiation of the compound (5a), to give a compound (2a) having aspecies as M such as —MgBr.

The obtained compound (2a) can be isolated for use as a raw material forthe production of the phenyl-substituted 1,3,5-triazine compound (1a).Alternatively, the compound (2a) can be directly, i.e., withoutisolation, used for the production of the compound (1a).

In step P-1, the lithiated product is preferably reacted with a reagentfor coupling selected from dichloro(tetramethylethylenediamine)zinc(II),zinc chloride, zinc bromide, zinc iodide, trimethyltin chloride,tributyltin chloride and boric acid, to give a compound (2a) having aspecies as M selected from —ZnCl, —ZnBr, —ZnI, —Sn(CH₃)₃, —Sn(C₄H₉)₃ and—B(OH)₂.

The leaving group Y³ includes, for example, a chlorine atom, a bromineatom, an iodine atom and a trifluoromethylsulfonyloxy group. Of these, abromine atom and an iodine atom are preferable because the yield ishigh.

In the step P-1, the molar ratio of a lithium reagent to the compound(5a) is preferably in the range of 1:1 to 5:1, and especially preferably1:1 to 3:1 in view of high yield.

In the step P-1, the reactions of the compound (5a) with the lithiumreagent and suceedingly with the reagent for coupling is carried out ina reaction medium. The reaction medium includes, for example,tetrahydrofuran, toluene, benzene, diethyl ether, xylene, chloroform anddichloromethane. These reaction mediums may be used either alone or incombination. Preferably tetrahydrofuran is used alone in view of highyield.

The concentration of the compound (5a) in the step P-1 is preferably inthe range of 10 mmol/L to 10.000 mmol/L, and more preferably 50 mmol/Lto 200 mmol/L in view of high yield.

In the step P-1, the lithiation reaction is preferably carried out at atemperature in the range of −150° C. to −20° C., and more preferably−100° C. to −60° C. The reaction time is preferably in the range of 1minute to 3 hours, and more preferably 15 minutes to 1 hour in view ofhigh yield.

In the step P-1, the molar ratio of a reagent for coupling to thecompound (5a) is preferably in the range of 1:1 to 1:10, and especiallypreferably 1:1.5 to 1:3 in view of high yield.

In the step P-1, after the addition of a reagent for coupling, thereaction is preferably carried out in temperature ranges including a lowtemperature region of −150° C. to −20° C. and a succeeding hightemperature region of −20° C. to 50° C. More preferably the reaction iscarried out in temperature ranges including a low temperature region of−100° C. to −60° C. and a succeeding elevated high temperature region of0° C. to 30° C. in view of high yield.

In the step P-1, the reaction time after the addition of the reagent forcoupling varies depending the conditions such as the particularsubstrate and the reaction scale, and is not particularly limited.Preferably the reaction in the low temperature region is carried out inthe range of 1 minute to 1 hour, and more preferably 5 minutes to 30minutes in view of high yield. Preferably the reaction in the hightemperature region is carried out in the range of 10 minutes to 10hours, and more preferably 30 minutes to 5 hours in view of high yield.

The compound (5a) can be prepared by a coupling reaction of, forexample, Y³—X¹—Y³, Y³—X¹—X¹—Y³, Y³—Ar³, Y³—X¹—Ar³, Y³—Y¹-M, Y³—X¹—X¹-M,M-Ar³ or M-X¹—Ar³, using a general metal catalyst according to themethod described in, for example, Tsuji: “Palladium Reagents andCatalysts”, John Wiley & Sons, 2004.

The step A following the above-mentioned step P-1 will be described. Inthe step A, the compound (2a) is reacted with the compound (3) in thepresence of a metal catalyst to give the phenyl-substituted1,3,5-triazine compound according to the present invention. The reactionin the step A is illustrated by the following scheme.

Step A

wherein M, X¹, p, Ar³, Ar¹, Ar², R¹, R², R³, Y¹ and Y² are the same asdefined above.

The metal catalyst which can be used in the step A is described in, forexample, Metal-catalyzed Cross-coupling Reactions, Wiley-VCH, 1998;Modern Organonickel Chemistry, Wiley-VCH, 2005; and Journal of theAmerican Chemical Society, vol. 126, p 3686-3687, 2004. Such metalcatalysts include, for example, a palladium catalyst, a nickel catalyst,an iron catalyst, a ruthenium catalyst, a platinum catalyst, a rhodiumcatalyst, an iridium catalyst, an osmium catalyst and a cobalt catalyst.

Of these, a palladium catalyst, a nickel catalyst and an iron catalystare preferable because the yield is high. A palladium catalyst isespecially preferable.

As specific examples of the palladium catalyst, there can be mentionedpalladium metal such as palladium black or palladium sponge; supportedpalladium metals such as palladium/alumina, palladium/carbon,palladium/silica, palladium/Y-type zeolite, palladium/A-type zeolite,palladium/X-type zeolite, palladium/mordenite and palladium/ZSM-5; andpalladium metal salts such as palladium chloride, palladium bromide,palladium iodide, palladium acetate, palladium trifluoroacetate,palladium nitrate, palladium oxide, palladium sulfate, palladiumcyanide, sodium hexachloropalladate, potassium hexachloropalladate,sodium tetrachloropalladate, potassium tetrachloropalladate, potassiumtetrabromopalladate, ammonium tetrachloropalladate and ammoniumhexachloropalladate.

The palladium catalyst further includes complex compounds such as, forexample, π-allylpalladium chloride dimmer, palladium acetylacetonate,tetra(acetonitrile)palladium borofluoride,dichlorobis(acetonitrile)palladium, dichlorobis(benzonitrile)palladium,bis(dibenzylideneacetone)palladium,tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium, dichlorodiamminepalladium,tetraamminepalladium nitrate, tetraamminepalladium tetrachloropalladate,dichlorodipyridinepalladium, dichloro(2,2′-bipyridyl)palladium,dichloro(phenanthroline)palladium, (tetramethylphenanthroline)palladiumnitrate, diphenanthrolinepalladium nitrate,bis(tetramethylphenanthroline)palladium nitrate,dichlorobis(triphenylphosphine)palladium,dichlorobis(tricyclohexylphosphine)palladium,tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium,dichloro[1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane]palladium,dichloro[1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)propane]palladium,dichloro[1,4-bis(diphenylphosphino)butane]palladium anddichloro[1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene]palladium.

The palladium catalyst may be used either alone or in combination with atertiary phosphine.

As specific examples of the tertiary phosphine used, there can bementioned triphenylphosphine, trimethylphosphine, triethylphosphine,tripropylphosphine, triisopropylphosphine, tributylphosphine,triisobutylphosphine, tri(tert-butyl)phosphine, trineopentylphosphine,tricyclohexylphosphine, trioctylphosphine, tri(hydroxymethyl)phosphine,tris(2-hydroxyethyl)phosphine, tris(3-hydroxypropyl)phosphine,tris(2-cyanoethyl)phosphine,(+)-1,2-bis[(2R,5R)-2,5-diethylphosphorano]ethane, triallylphosphine,triamylphosphine, cyclohexyldiphenylphosphine, methyldiphenylphosphineand ethyldiphenylphosphine.

The tertiary phosphine further includes, for example,propyldiphenylphosphine, isopropyldiphenylphosphine,butyldiphenylphosphine, isobutyldiphenylphosphine,tert-butyldiphenylphosphine,9,9-dimethyl-4,5-bis(diphenylphosphino)xanthene,2-(diphenylphosphino)-2′-(N,N-dimethylamino)biphenyl,(R)-(+)-2-(diphenylphosphino)-2′-methoxy-1,1′-binaphthyl,(−)-1,2-bis[(2R,5R)-2,5-dimethylphosphorano]benzene,(+)-1,2-bis[(2S,5S)-2,5-dimethylphosphino]benzene,(−)-1,2-bis[(2R,5R)-2,5-diethylphosphorano]benzene,(+)-1,2-bis[(2S,5S)-2,5-diethylphosphino]benzene and1,1′-bis(diisopropylphosphino)ferrocene.

The tertiary phosphine further includes, for example,(−)-1,1′-bis[(2S,4S)-2,4-diethylphosphorano]ferrocene,(R)-(−)-1-[(S)-2-(dicyclohexylphosphino)ferrocenyl]-ethyldicyclohexylphosphne,(+)-1,2-bis[(2R,5R)-2,5-diisopropylphosphorano]benzene,(−)-1,2-bis[(2S,5S)-2,5-diisopropylphosphorano]benzene,(t)-2-(di-tert-butylphosphino)-1,1′-binaphthyl,2-(di-tert-butylphosphino)biphenyl, 2-(dicyclohexylphosphino)biphenyl,2-(dicyclohexylphosphino)-2′-methylbiphenyl,bis(diphenylphosphino)methane, 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane,1,2-bis(dipentafluorophenyl-phosphino)ethane and1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)propane.

The tertiary phosphine further includes, for example,1,4-bis(diphenylphosphino)butane, 1,4-bis(diphenylphosphino)pentane,1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene,(2R,3R)-(−)-2,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)-bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-en,(2S,3S)-(+)-2,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)-bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-en,(2S,3S)-(−)-bis(diphenylphosphino)butane,cis-1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethylene,bis(2-diphenylphosphinoethyl)phenylphosphine,(2S,4S)-(−)-2,4-1,4-bis(diphenylphosphino)pentane,(2R,4R)-(−)-2,4-1,4-bis(diphenylphosphino)pentane andR-(+)-1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)propane.

The tertiary phosphine further includes, for example,(2S,3S)-(+)-1,4-bis(diphenylphosphino)-2,3-o-isopropylidene-2,3-butanediol,tri(2-furyl)phosphine, tris(1-naphthyl)phosphine,tris[3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]phosphine,tris(3-chlorophenyl)phosphine, tris(4-chlorophenyl)phosphine,tris(3,5-dimethylphenyl)phosphine, tris(3-fluorophenyl)phosphine,tris(4-fluorophenyl)phosphine, tris(2-methoxyphenyl)phosphine,tris(3-methoxyphenyl)phosphine, tris(4-methoxyphenyl)phosphine,tris(2,4,6-trimethoxyphenyl)phosphine, tris(pentafluorophenyl)phosphine,tris[4-(perfluorohexyl)phenyl]phosphine and tris(2-thienyl)phosphine.

The tertiary phosphine further includes, for example,trim(m-tolyl)phosphine, tri(o-tolyl)phosphine, tri(p-tolyl)phosphine,tris(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)phosphine, tris(2,5-xylyl)phosphine,tris(3,5-xylyl)phosphine, 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)benzene,(R)-(+)-2,2′-bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1′-binaphthyl,(S)-(−)-2,2′-bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1′-binaphthyl,(±)-2,2′-bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1′-binaphthyl,2,2′-bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1′-biphenyl,(S)-(+)-4,12-bis(diphenylphosphino)-[2,2]paracyclophane,(R)-(−)-4,12-bis(diphenylphosphino)-[2.2]paracyclophane and(R)-(+)-2,2′-bis(di-p-tolylphosphino)-1,1′-binaphthyl.

The tertiary phosphine further includes, for example,(S)-(−)-2,2′-bis(di-p-tolylphosphino)-1,1′-binaphthyl,bis(2-methoxyphenyl)phenylphosphine, 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)benzene,(1R,2R)-(+)-N,N′-bis(2′-diphenylphosphinobenzoyl)-1,2-diaminocyclohexane,(1S,2S)-(+)-N,N′-bis(2′-diphenylphosphinobenzoyl)-1,2-diaminocyclohexane,(±)-N,N′-bis(2′-diphenylphosphinobenzoyl)-1,2-diaminocyclohexane,(1S,2S)-(−)-N,N′-bis(2-diphenylphosphino-1-naphthoyl)-1,2-diaminocyclohexaneand(1R,2R)-(+)-N,N′-bis(2′-diphenylphosphino-1-naphthoyl)-1,2-diaminocyclohexane.

The tertiary phosphine further includes, for example,(±)-N,N′-bis(2-diphenylphosphino-1-naphthoyl)diaminocyclohexane,tris(diethylamino)phosphine, bis(diphenylphosphino)acetylene,bis(2-diphenylphospinophenyl)ether,(R)-(−)-1-[(S)-2-(dicyclohexylphosphino)ferrocenyl]ethyldiphenylphodphine,(R)-(−)-1-[(S)-2-(diphenylphosphino)ferrocenyl]ethyldi-tert-butylphosphine,dipotassiumbis(p-sulfonatophenyl)phenylphosphine,2-dicyclohexylphosphino-2′-(N,N-diemthylamino)biphenyl,(S)-(−)-1-[2-(diphenylphosphino-1-naphthyl)isoquinoline,2-dicyclohexylphosphino-2′,4′,6′-triisopropylbiphenyl andtris(trimethylsilyl)phosphine.

A palladium catalyst used in the step A can be any form of theabove-mentioned metal, supported metal, metal salt and complex compound,but, the following palladium catalysts are preferably used in view ofhigh yield: palladium chloride, palladium acetate, π-allylpalladiumchloride dimmer, bis(dibenzylideneacetone)palladium,tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium,dichlorobis(triphenylphosphine)palladium,tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium,dichloro[1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane]palladium,dichloro[1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)propane]palladium,dichloro[1,4-bis(diphenylphosphino)butane]palladium anddichloro[1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene]palladium,palladium/alumina and palladium/carbon. Of these,tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium is especially preferable.

Any of the teritiary phosphines recited above may be used in combinationwith the palladium catalyst, but the following tertiary phosphines arepreferably used in view of high yield: triphenylphosphine,trimethylphosphine, triethylphosphine, tributylphosphine,tri(tert-butyl)phosphine, tricyclohexylphosphine, trioctylphosphine,9,9-dimethyl-4,5-bis(diphenylphosphino)xanthene,2-(di-tert-butylphosphino)biphenyl, 2-(dicyclohexylphosphino)biphenyl,1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane, 1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)propane,1,4-bis(diphenylphosphino)butane, 1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene,(R)-(+)-2,2′-bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1′-binaphthyl,(S)-(−)-2,2′-bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1′-binaphthyl,2-dicyclohexylphosphino-2′,4′,6′-triisopropylbiphenyl and(±)-2,2′-bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1′-binaphthyl.

Of these, the following tertiary phosphines are especially preferable:triphenylphosphine, trimethylphosphine, tributylphosphine,tri(tert-butyl)phosphine, tricyclohexylphosphine, trioctylphosphine,2-(di-tert-butylphosphino)biphenyl, 2-(dicyclohexylphosphino)-biphenyl,1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane, 1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)propane,1,4-bis(diphenylphosphino)butane, 1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene,(R)-(+)-2,2′-bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1′-binaphthyl,(5)-(−)-2,2′-bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1′-binaphthyl,2-dicyclohexylphosphino-2′,4′,6′-triisopropylbiphenyl and(±)-2,2′-bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1′-binaphthyl.

The step A can be carried out to a sufficient extent without addition ofa base. However, a base can be added to enhance the yield. As the baseadded, organic and inorganic bases can be mentioned, which include, forexample, lithium carbonate, sodium carbonate, sodium hydrogencarbonate,potassium carbonate, cesium carbonate, potassium fluoride, cesiumfluoride, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, potassium phosphate,triethylamine, butylamine, diisopropylamine and ethyldiisopropylamine.

In the step A, the molar ratio of the compound (2a) to the compound (3)is preferably in the range of 10:1 to 2:1, and especially preferably 5:1to 2:1 in view of high yield.

The molar ratio of the metal catalyst to the compound (3) in the step Ais preferably in the range of 0.001:1 to 0.5:1, and especiallypreferably 0.01:1 to 0.1:1 in view of high yield.

In the step A, the reaction is carried out in a reaction medium. Thereaction medium includes, for example, methanol, ethanol, isopropylalcohol, N,N-dimethylformamide, dioxane, diethyl ether, xylene, toluene,benzene, tetrahydrofuran, acetonitrile, dichloromethane,dimethylsulfoxide, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone and hexamethylphosphorictriamide. These reaction mediums may be used either alone or incombination. Preferably dioxane, diethyl ether, toluene andtetrahydrofuran are used in view of high yield.

In the case when the compound (2a) produced in the step P-1 is usedwithout isolation for the step A, the reaction medium used in the stepP-1 may be used, as it is, in the step A.

The concentration of the compound (3) in the step A is preferably in therange of 5 mmol/L to 1,000 mmol/L, and more preferably 10 mmol/L to 200mmol/L in view of high yield.

In the step A, the reaction is preferably carried out at a temperatureappropriately chosen in the range of 0° C. to the reflux temperature ofthe reaction medium used, and more preferably at the reflux temperatureof the reaction medium in view of high yield.

The reaction time in the step A is preferably in the range of 10 minutesto 48 hours, and more preferably 30 minutes to 24 hours in view of highyield.

The phenyl-substituted 1,3,5-triazine compound (1a) can be collected byremoving the reaction medium from the reaction product after completionof the step A. If desired, the reaction product is purified by, forexample, recrystallization, column chromatography or sublimation.

The process for producing the phenyl-substituted 1,3,5-triazine compound(1) will now be described.

The phenyl-substituted 1,3,5-triazine compound (1) is produced byconducting the following step “P-2”, and, step “B-1” and succeeding step“B-2”, following the above-mentioned step “P-1”.

Step P-2 comprises the preparation of a compound represented by theabove-mentioned general formula (2b), which is used for the preparationof the phenyl-substituted 1,3,5-triazine compound (1), from a startingcompound represented by the following general formula (5b).

Y⁴—X² _(q)—Ar⁴  (5b)

wherein X², q and Ar⁴ are as defined above, and Y⁴ represents a leavinggroup. The reaction in the step P-2 is illustrated by the followingscheme.

Step P-2

wherein Y⁴, X², q, Ar⁴ and M are as defined above.

In step P-2, the compound (5b) is lithiated by a lithium reagent such asbutyllithium or tert-butyllithium, and then, the lithiated product isreacted with a reagent for coupling to give the compound (2b) which is aspecies conventionally used for a coupling reaction.

As specific examples of the reagent for coupling, there can be mentioneddichloro (tetramethylethylenediamine) zinc (II), zinc chloride, zincbromide, zinc iodide, trimethyltin chloride, tributyltin chloride,tribuyltin hydride, hexamethyldistannane, hexabutyldistannane, boricacid, trimethyl borate, triisopropyl borate,(2,3-dimethylbutane-2,3-dioxy)borane,(2,3-dimethylbutane-2,3-dioxy)methoxyborane,(2,3-dimethylbutane-2,3-dioxy)isopropoxyborane, ethylenedioxyborane,1,3-propanedioxyborane, bis(2,3-dimethylbutane-2,3-dioxy)diborane,1,2-phenylenedioxyborane, trimethoxysilane, triethoxysilane anddichlorodiethylsilane.

By the reaction of the lithiated product with these reagents forcoupling, the compound (2b) can be obtained, which includes, forexample, the following species as M: —ZnCl, —ZnBr, —ZnI, —Sn(CH₃)₃,—Sn(C₄H₉)₃, —B(OH)₂, —B(OMe)₂, —B(O-iso-C₃H₇)₂,—B(2,3-dimethylbutane-2,3-dioxy), —B(ethylenedioxy),—B(1,3-propanedioxy), —B(1,2-phenylenedioxy), —Si(OCH₃)₃, —Si(OC₂H₅)₃and —SiCl₂(C₂H₅).

As a modification of the above-mentioned step, when the lithiatedproduct is reacted with a boric acid ester as a reagent for coupling,its reaction product can be reacted with hydrofluoric acid, and then thethus-obtained reaction product is treated with, for example, potassiumcarbonate, cesium carbonate or tetrabutylammonium fluoride to give acompound having a salt species as M such as —BF₃ ⁻K⁺, —BF₃ ⁻Cs⁺ or —BF₃⁻N(C₄H₉)₄ ⁺.

Alternatively, the compound (5b) can be directly reacted with, forexample, magnesium bromide or isopropylmagnesium bromide, withoutlithiation of the compound (5b), to give a compound (2b) having aspecies as M such as, for example, —MgBr.

The obtained compound (2b) can be isolated for use as a raw material forthe production of the phenyl-substituted 1,3,5-triazine compound (1).Alternatively, the compound (2b) can be directly, i.e., withoutisolation, used for the production of the compound (1).

In a preferred step P-2, in view of high yield, the lithiated product isreacted with a reagent for coupling selected from dichloro(tetramethylethylenediamine)zinc (II), zinc chloride, zinc bromide, zinciodide, trimethyltin chloride, tributyltin chloride and boric acid, togive a compound (2b) having a species as M selected from —ZnCl, —ZnBr,—ZnI, —Sn(CH₃)₃, —Sn(C₄H₉)₃ and —B(OH)₂.

The leaving group Y⁴, includes, for example, a chlorine atom, a bromineatom, an iodine atom and a trifluoromethylsulfonyloxy group. Of these, abromine atom and an iodine atom are preferable because the yield ishigh.

In the step P-2, the molar ratio of a lithium reagent to the compound(5b) is preferably in the range of 1:1 to 5:1, and especially preferably1:1 to 3:1 in view of high yield.

In the step P-2, the reactions of the compound (5b) with the lithiumreagent and suceedingly with the reagent for coupling are carried out ina reaction medium. The reaction medium includes, for example,tetrahydrofuran, toluene, benzene, diethyl ether, xylene, chloroform anddichloromethane. These reaction mediums may be used either alone or incombination. Preferably tetrahydrofuran is used alone in view of highyield.

The concentration of the compound (5b) in the step P-2 is preferably inthe range of 10 mmol/L to 10,000 mmol/L, and more preferably 50 mmol/Lto 200 mmol/L in view of high yield.

In the step P-2, the lithiation reaction is preferably carried out at atemperature in the range of −150° C. to −20° C., and more preferably−100° C. to −60° C. in view of high yield. The reaction time ispreferably in the range of 1 minute to 3 hours, and more preferably 15minutes to 1 hour in view of high yield.

In the step P-2, the molar ratio of a reagent for coupling to thecompound (5b) is preferably in the range of 1:1 to 1:10, and especiallypreferably 1:1.5 to 1:3 in view of high yield.

In the step P-2, after the addition of a reagent for coupling, thereaction is preferably carried out in temperature ranges including a lowtemperature region of −150° C. to −20° C. and a succeeding hightemperature region of −20° C. to 50° C. More preferably the reaction iscarried out in temperature ranges including a low temperature region of−100° C. to −60° C. and a succeeding elevated high temperature region of0° C. to 30° C. in view of high yield.

In the step P-2, the reaction time after the addition of the reagent forcoupling varies depending the conditions such as the particularsubstrate and the reaction scale, and is not particularly limited.Preferably the reaction in the low temperature region is carried out inthe range of 1 minute to 1 hour, and more preferably 5 minutes to 30minutes in view of high yield. Preferably the reaction in the succeedinghigh temperature region is carried out in the range of 10 minutes to 10hours, and more preferably 30 minutes to 5 hours in view of high yield.

The compound (5b) can be prepared by a coupling reaction of Y⁴—X²—Y⁴,Y⁴—X²—X²—Y⁴, Y⁴—Ar⁴, Y⁴—X²—Ar⁴, Y⁴—X²-M, Y⁴—X²—X²-M, M-Ar⁴ or M-X²—Ar⁴,using a general metal catalyst according to the method described in, forexample, Tsuji: “Palladium Reagents and Catalysts”, John Wiley & Sons,2004.

The step B-1 and the step B-2 will be described. In the step B-1, thecompound (2a) is reacted with the compound (3) in the presence of ametal catalyst to give the compound (4). In the step B-2, the compound(2b) is reacted with the compound (4) in the presence of a metalcatalyst to give a phenyl-substituted 1,3,5-triazine compound (1)according to the present invention. The reactions in the step B-1 andthe step B-2 are illustrated by the following schemes.

Step B-1

Step B-2

In the above formulae, M, X¹, p, Ar³, Ar¹, Ar², R¹, R², R³, Y¹, Y², X²,q, and Ar⁴ are the same as defined above.

As the metal catalyst used in the step B-1, those which are describedwith regard to the step A can be used. Such metal catalysts include, forexample, a palladium catalyst, a nickel catalyst, an iron catalyst, aruthenium catalyst, a platinum catalyst, a rhodium catalyst, an iridiumcatalyst, an osmium catalyst and a cobalt catalyst.

Of these, a palladium catalyst, an iron catalyst and a nickel catalystare preferable because the yield is high. A palladium catalyst isespecially preferable.

As specific examples of the palladium catalyst, those which aredescribed with regard to the step A can be mentioned. Such metalcatalysts include palladium metal such as palladium black; supportedpalladium metals such as palladium/alumina and palladium/carbon;palladium metal salts such as palladium chloride and palladium acetate;and complex compounds such as π-allylpalladium chloride dimmer,bis(dibenzylideneacetone)palladium,tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium,dichlorobis(triphenylphosphine)palladium,tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium,dichloro[1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane]palladium,dichloro[1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)propane]palladium,dichloro[1,4-bis(diphenylphosphino)butane]palladium anddichloro[1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene]palladium. Of these,palladium acetate and tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium areespecially preferable in view of high yield.

The above-mentioned palladium metal, palladium metal salts and palladiumcomplex compounds may be used either alone or in combination with atertiary phosphine.

As specific examples of the tertiary phosphine used, those which aredescribed with regard to the step A can be mentioned. Such tertiaryphosphines include, for example, triphenylphosphine, trimethylphosphine,triethylphosphine, tributylphosphine, tri(tert-butyl)phosphine,tricyclohexylphosphine, trioctylphosphine,9,9-dimethyl-4,5-bis(diphenylphosphino)xanthene,2-(di-tert-butylphosphino)biphenyl, 2-(dicyclohexylphosphino)biphenyl,1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane, 1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)propane,1,4-bis(diphenylphosphino)butane, 1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene,(R)-(+)-2,2′-bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1′-binaphthyl,(S)-(−)-2,2′-bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1′-binaphthyl,2-dicyclohexylphosphino-2′,4′,6′-triisopropylbiphenyl and(±)-2,2′-bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1′-binaphthyl).

In the step B-1, the molar ratio of the compound (2a) to the compound(3) is preferably in the range of 1:0.5 to 1:5, and especiallypreferably 1:0.75 to 1:2 in view of high yield.

The molar ratio of the metal catalyst to the compound (3) in the stepB-1 is preferably in the range of 0.001:1 to 0.5:1, and especiallypreferably 0.01:1 to 0.1:1 in view of high yield.

In the step B-1, the reaction is carried out in a reaction medium. Thereaction medium includes, for example, methanol, ethanol, isopropylalcohol, N,N-dimethylformamide, dioxane, diethyl ether, xylene, toluene,benzene, tetrahydrofuran, acetonitrile, dichloromethane,dimethylsulfoxide, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone and hexamethylphosphorictriamide. These reaction mediums may be used either alone or incombination. Preferably dioxane, diethyl ether, toluene andtetrahydrofuran are used in view of high yield.

The compound (2a) produced in the step P-1 is preferably used withoutisolation for the step B-1 in view of high yield. In this case, thereaction medium used in the step P-1 may be used, as it is, in the stepB-1.

The concentration of the compound (3) in the step B-1 is preferably inthe range of 5 mmol/L to 1.000 mmol/L, and more preferably 10 mmol/L to200 mmol/L in view of high yield.

In the step B-1, the reaction is preferably carried out at a temperatureappropriately chosen in the range of 0° C. to the reflux temperature ofthe reaction medium used, and more preferably at the reflux temperatureof the reaction medium in view of high yield.

The reaction time in the step 15-1 is preferably in the range of 1 hourto 120 hours, and more preferably 6 hours to 72 hours in view of highyield.

The compound (4) can be collected by removing the reaction medium fromthe reaction product after completion of the step B-1. If desired, thereaction product is purified by, for example, recrystallization, columnchromatography or sublimation.

The compound (4) produced in the step B-1 may be used, as it is withoutisolation, for the succeeding step B-2.

As the metal catalyst used in the step B-2, those which are describedwith regard to the step A and the step B-1 can be used. Such metalcatalysts include, for example, a palladium catalyst, a nickel catalyst,an iron catalyst, a ruthenium catalyst, a platinum catalyst, a rhodiumcatalyst, an iridium catalyst, an osmium catalyst and a cobalt catalyst.

Of these, a palladium catalyst, an iron catalyst and a nickel catalystare preferable because the yield is high. A palladium catalyst isespecially preferable.

As specific examples of the palladium catalyst, those which aredescribed with regard to the step A and the step B-1 can be mentioned.Such metal catalysts include palladium metal such as palladium black;supported palladium metals such as palladium/alumina andpalladium/carbon; palladium metal salts such as palladium chloride andpalladium acetate; and complex compounds such as π-allylpalladiumchloride dimmer, bis(dibenzylideneacetone)palladium,tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium,dichlorobis(triphenylphosphine)palladium,tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium,dichloro[1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane]palladium,dichloro[1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)propane]palladium,dichloro[1,4-bis(diphenylphosphino)butane]palladium anddichloro[1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene]palladium. Of these,palladium acetate and tris (dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium areespecially preferable in view of high yield.

The above-mentioned palladium metal, palladium metal salts and palladiumcomplex compounds may be used either alone or in combination with atertiary phosphine.

As specific examples of the tertiary phosphine used, those which aredescribed with regard to the step A and the step B-1 can be mentioned.Such tertiary phosphines include, for example, triphenylphosphine,trimethylphosphine, triethylphosphine, tributylphosphine,tri(tert-butyl)phosphine, tricyclohexylphosphine, trioctylphosphine,9,9-dimethyl-4,5-bis(diphenylphosphino)xanthene,2-(di-tert-butylphosphino)biphenyl, 2-(dicyclohexylphosphino)biphenyl,1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane, 1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)propane,1,4-bis(diphenylphosphino)butane, 1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene,(R)-(+)-2,2′-bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1′-binaphthyl,(S)-(−)-2,2′-bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1′-binaphthyl,2-dicyclohexylphosphino-2′,4′,6′-triisopropylbiphenyl and(±)-2,2′-bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1′-binaphthyl).

In the step B-2, the molar ratio of the compound (2b) to the compound(4) is preferably in the range of 1:0.5 to 1:5, and especiallypreferably 1:0.75 to 1:2 in view of high yield.

The molar ratio of the metal catalyst to the compound (4) in the stepB-2 is preferably in the range of 0.001:1 to 0.5:1, and especiallypreferably 0.01:1 to 0.1:1 in view of high yield.

In the step B-2, the reaction is carried out in a reaction medium. Thereaction medium includes, for example, methanol, ethanol, isopropylalcohol, N,N-dimethylformamide, dioxane, diethyl ether, xylene, toluene,benzene, terahydrofuran, acetonitrile, dichloromethane,dimethylsulfoxide, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone and hexamethylphosphorictriamide. These reaction mediums may be used either alone or incombination. Preferably dioxane, diethyl ether, toluene andtetrahydrofuran are used in view of high yield.

The compound (2b) produced in the step P-2 is preferably used withoutisolation for the step B-2 in view of high yield. In this case, thereaction medium used in the step P-2 may be used, as it is, in the stepB-2.

The concentration of the compound (4) in the step B-2 is preferably inthe range of 5 mmol/L to 1,000 mmol/L, and more preferably 10 mmol/L to200 mmol/L in view of high yield.

In the step B-2, the reaction is preferably carried out at a temperatureappropriately chosen in the range of 0° C. to the reflux temperature ofthe reaction medium used, and more preferably at the reflux temperatureof the reaction medium in view of high yield.

The reaction time in the step B-2 is preferably in the range of 1 hourto 120 hours, and more preferably 6 hours to 72 hours in view of highyield.

The phenyl-substituted 1,3,5-triazine compound (1) can be collected byremoving the reaction medium from a reaction mixture after completion ofthe step B-2. If desired, a reaction product is purified by, forexample, recrystallization, column chromatography or sublimation.

The phenyl-substituted 1,3,5-triazine compound (1) can be produced fromthe compound (4) as a raw material by a step including the step B-2. Thecompound (4) is produced by a step including the step B-1.

Now a process for synthesizing the compound (3) will be described. Thecompound (3) can be synthesized by the process described in, forexample, JP-A 2006-062962. In this process, a compound represented bythe following general formula (6):

wherein R¹, R², R³, Y¹ and Y² are the same as defined above, is reactedwith a compound represented by the following general formula (7) and acompound represented by the following general formula (8) in thepresence of a Lewis acid to give a salt represented by the followinggeneral formula (9), and then, the compound of formula (9) is treatedwith aqueous ammonia.

Ar¹—CN  (7)

wherein Ar¹ is the same as defined above,

Ar²—CN  (8)

wherein Ar² is the same as defined above,

wherein Ar¹, Ar², R¹, R², R³, Y¹ and Y² are the same as defined above,and Z² represents an anion.

In the above-mentioned synthetic process, equimolar amounts of thecompound (7) and the compound (8) are employed. At a molar ratio of thesum of compound (7) and compound (8) to compound (6) varying in a broadrange of 1:10 to 10:1, a good yield is obtained. However, a satisfyingyield can be achieved at the stoichiometric amount ratio.

The above-mentioned reaction is carried out in a reaction medium. Thereaction medium used includes, for example, chloroform, dichloromethane,1,2-dichloroethane, carbon tetrachloride, chlorobenzene and1,2-dichlorobenzene. In view of the yield, dichloromethane andchloroform are preferable.

As preferable examples of the Lewis acid, boron trifluoride, aluminumtrichloride, iron trichloride, tin tetrachloride and antimonypentachloride can be mentioned. Antimony pentachloride is especiallypreferable in view of high yield.

The salt (9) produced can be isolated from the as-obtained solutioncontaining the salt, or the as-obtained solution containing the salt canbe used without isolation for the succeeding step. In the case when thesalt (9) is isolated, Z² is not particularly limited provided that it isan anion. However, in view of high yield, Z² is preferably a counter ioncomprising a fluoride ion or a chloride ion, which is bound to theabove-mentioned Lewis acid. Such counter anion includes atetrafluoroborate ion, a chlorotrifluoroborate ion, atetrachloroaluminate ion, a tetrachloroferrate (III) ion, apentachlorostannate (IV) ion and a hexachloroantimonate (V) ion.

The concentration of the aqueous ammonia used is not particularlylimited, but it is preferably in the range of 5 to 50% by weight. Adesired rate of reaction can be obtained with commercially availableaqueous ammonia having a concentration of 28% by weight.

The reaction temperature is not particularly limited, but the reactionis preferably carried out at a temperature appropriately chosen in therange of −50° C. to the reflux temperature of the reaction medium used.The reaction time varies depending upon the particular reactiontemperature, but is usually in the range of 30 minutes to 24 hours.

The compound (3) is collected by removing the reaction medium from areaction mixture after completion of the reaction. If desired, thecollected compound (3) is purified by, for example, recrystallization,column chromatography or sublimination.

The process for producing a thin film of the phenyl-substituted1,3,5-triazine compound (1) for an organic electroluminescent is notparticularly limited. For example, vacuum deposition can be adopted forthe formation of the thin film. The vacuum deposition can be conductedusing a conventional vacuum deposition apparatus. However, inconsideration of the tact time and cost in the production of the organicelectroluminescent device, the degree of vacuum at the vacuum depositionis preferably in the range of approximately 1×10⁻² to 1×10⁻⁵ Pa whichcan be achieved by the conventionally used diffusion pump,turbo-molecular pump or cryopump. The rate of vacuum deposition variesdepending upon the thickness of thin film, but is preferably in therange of 0.005 nm/sec to 1.0 nm/sec.

The solubility of the phenyl-substituted 1,3,5-triazine compound (1) ina solvent such as chloroform, dichloromethane, 1,2-dichloroetane,chlorobenzene, toluene, ethyl acetate or tetrahydrofuran is high.Therefore, the thin film can also be formed from a solution thereof by,for example, spin coating, ink jetting, casting or dipping using theconventional apparatus.

EXAMPLES

Now, the production of the phenyl-substituted 1,3,5-triazine compound(1) and the compound (4), according to the present invention, and theevaluation of the organic electroluminescent device having an electrontransport layer comprising the phenyl-substituted 1,3,5-triazinecompound (1) will be described by the following reference examples andexamples, that by no means limit the scope of the invention.

Reference Example 1 Synthesis of2-(3-bromo-5-chlorophenyl)-4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazine

In a stream of argon, 9.1 g of 3-bromo-5-chlorobenzoyl chloride and 7.4g of benzonitrile were dissolved in 200 mL of chloroform. To thethus-obtained solution, 10.7 g of antimony pentachloride was dropwiseadded at 0° C. The resultant mixture was stirred at room temperature for1 hour, and then refluxed for 12 hours. Thereafter the mixture wascooled to room temperature, and then low boiling point ingredients wereremoved under a reduced pressure to give2-(3-bromo-5-chlorphenyl)-4,6-diphenyl-oxa-3,5-diadiniumhexachoroantimonate(V) as a yellow solid. The yellow solid waspulverized in a stream of argon and the thus-obtained powder was gentlyadded to a 28% aqueous ammonia at 0° C. The thus-obtained suspension wasstirred at room temperature for 1 hour. The thus-precipitated solid wascollected by filtration, and was washed with water and then withmethanol. The washed solid was dried and then subjected to extractionusing a Soxhlet extractor (extraction solvent: tetrahydrofuran). Theextracted liquid was left to stand at room temperature. Thethus-precipitated solid was collected by filtration, and dried to give5.6 g of 2-(3-bromo-5-chlorophenyl)-4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazine as awhite powder (Yield: 44%).

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃): δ7.57-7.70 (m, 6H), 7.75 (dd, J=1.7, 1.7 Hz, 1H), 8.66(brs, 1H), 8.74 (d, J=7.2 Hz, 4H), 8.76 (brs, 1H)

¹³C-NMR (CDCl₃): δ123.2, 127.7, 128.8, 129.1, 130.1, 132.9, 134.9,135.7, 135.7, 139.5, 169.3, 172.0

Example 1 Synthesis of2-[5-chloro-4′-(2-pyridyl)-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl]-4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazine

In a stream of argon, 350 mg of 2-(4-bromophenyl)pyridine was dissolvedin 20 mL of tetrahydrofuran and the solution was cooled to −78° C. Tothe cooled solution, 1.04 mL of a solution in hexane of 1.65 mmol ofbutyllithum was gently added. The mixture was stirred at thattemperature for 30 minutes. To this mixture, 454 mg ofdichloro(tetramethylethylenediamine)zinc(II) was added. The resultantmixture was stirred at −78° C. for 10 minutes and then at roomtemperature for 1.5 hours.

To the mixture, 350 mg of2-(3-bromo-5-chlorophenyl)-4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazine, synthesized inReference Example 1, and 46 mg of tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) were added, and the resultant mixturewas refluxed under heating for 18 hours. Then the reaction mixture wasleft to stand at room temperature, and was concentrated under a reducedpressure to give a solid. The solid was recrystallized fromdichloromethane/methanol. The thus-obtained crude product was purifiedby silica gel chromatography using a hexane/chloroform mixed liquid(50:50-0:100) as a developing solvent, and then again recrystallizedfrom dichloromethane/methanol to give 339 mg of2-[5-chloro-4′-(2-pyridyl)-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl]-4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazineas a white solid (yield: 68%).

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃): δ7.28-7.32 (m, 1H), 7.59-7.67 (m, 2H), 7.62 (d, J=7.6Hz, 4H), 7.81-7.87 (m, 2H), 7.85 (d, J=8.3 Hz, 2H), 7.88 (brs, 1H), 8.20(d, J=8.3 Hz, 2H), 8.74 (brs, 1H), 8.75-8.80 (m, 1H), 8.80 (d, J=7.6 Hz,4H), 8.94 (brs, 1H)

¹³C-NMR (CDCl₃): δ120.6, 122.4, 125.9, 127.6, 127.7, 127.8, 128.8,129.1, 130.9, 132.8, 135.4, 136.0, 136.9, 138.6, 139.3, 140.0, 142.4,149.9, 156.8, 171.5, 172.0

Example 2 Synthesis of2-{4-(2-pyridyl)-[1,1′:3′,1″]-terphenyl-5′-yl}-4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazine

In a stream of argon, 73 mg of phenylboronic acid, 5.8 mg oftris(dibenzalacetone)dipalldium complex and 12 mg of2-dicyclohexylphosphino-2′,4′,6′-triisopropylbiphenyl were suspended in15 mL of 1,4-dioxane. 0.6 mL of an aqueous 3N potassium phosphatesolution was added to the suspension, and the obtained mixture wasstirred at room temperature for 10 minutes. To this mixture, 149 mg of2-[5-chloro-4′-(2-pyridyl)-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl]-4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazine,synthesized in Example 1, was added, and the resultant mixture wasrefluxed under heating at 110° C. for 48 hours. Then the reactionmixture was left to stand at room temperature, and was concentratedunder a reduced pressure to give a solid. The solid was purified bysilica gel chromatography using a hexane/chloroform mixed liquid(50:50-0:100) as a developing solvent, and then recrystallized fromdichloromethane/methanol to give 162 mg of2-{4-(2-pyridyl)-[1,1′:3′,1″]-terphenyl-5′-yl}-4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazineas a white solid (yield: >99%).

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃): δ7.28-7.32 (m, 1H), 7.49 (brt, J=7.4 Hz, 1H), 7.56-7.72(m, 8H), 7.80-7.89 (m, 2H), 7.85 (d, J8.5 Hz, 2H), 7.95 (d, J=8.3 Hz,2H), 8.12 (brs, 1H), 8.22 (d, J=8.3 Hz, 2H), 8.79 (brd, J=4.5 Hz, 1H),8.83 (d, J=8.2 Hz, 4H), 9.02 (brs, 1H), 9.06 (brs, 1H)

¹³C-NMR (CDCl₃); δ120.5, 122.3, 126.7, 126.9, 127.5, 127.6, 127.8,128.7, 129.0, 129.1, 130.1, 132.6, 136.2, 136.9, 137.5, 138.8, 140.9,141.4, 141.7, 142.5, 149.9, 157.0, 171.6, 171.8

Example 3 Synthesis of2-{4-(2-pyridyl)-[1,1′:3′,1″]-terphenyl-5′-yl}-4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazine

In a stream of argon, 73 mg of phenylboronic acid, 2.9 mg of palladiumacetate, 195 mg of cesium carbonate and 12 mg of2-dicyclohexylphosphino-2′,4′,6′-triisopropylbiphenyl were suspended in15 mL of 1,4-dioxane. The obtained mixture was stirred at roomtemperature for 10 minutes. To this mixture, 149 mg of2-[5-chloro-4′-(2-pyridyl)-1,1′-biphenyl-3-yl]-4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazine,synthesized in Example 1, was added, and the resultant mixture wasrefluxed under heating at 110° C. for 48 hours. Then the reactionmixture was left to stand at room temperature, and was concentratedunder a reduced pressure to give a solid. The solid was purified bysilica gel chromatography using a hexane/chloroform mixed liquid(50:50-0:100) as a developing solvent, and then recrystallized fromdichloromethane/methanol to give 153 mg of2-{4-(2-pyridyl)-[1,1′:3′,1″]-terphenyl-5′-yl}-4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazineas a white solid (yield: 95%).

Reference Example 2 Synthesis of2-(3,5-dibromophenyl)-4,6-di-m-tolyl-1,3,5-triazine

26.57 g of 3,5-dibromobenzoyl chloride and 20.85 g of3-methylbenzonitrile were dissolved in 200 mL of chloroform. To thethus-obtained solution, 26.61 g of antimony pentachloride was dropwiseadded at 0° C. The resultant mixture was stirred at room temperature for10 minutes, and then refluxed for 12 hours. Thereafter the mixture wascooled to room temperature, and then chloroform was distilled off. Thethus-obtained2-(3,5-dibromophenyl)-4,6-di-m-tolyl-1,3,5-oxadiadinyl-1-iumhexachoroantimonate was gently added to 500 mL of a 28% aqueous ammoniaat 0° C. to give a white precipitate. The white precipitate-containingliquid was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. The white precipitatewas collected by filtration, and was washed with water and then withmethanol. The washed white precipitate was dried and then 200 mL ofchloroform was added. The thus-obtained suspension was stirred underreflux and then filtered to collect an insoluble component. 200 mL ofchloroform was added to the insoluble component, and the mixture wasstirred under reflux, followed by filtration. These procedures ofaddition of chloroform, stirring under reflux, and filtration wererepeated twice. All of the filtrates were collected, chloroform wasdistilled off therefrom under a reduced pressure. The thus-obtainedsolid was recrystallized from dichloromethane/methanol to give 26.23 gof 2-(3,5-dibromophenyl)-4,6-di-m-tolyl-1,3,5-triazine as a white solid(yield: 60%).

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃): δ2.54 (s, 6H), 7.42-7.46 (m, 2H), 7.48 (dd, J=7.5, 7.5Hz, 2H), 7.89 (t, J=1.8 Hz, 1H), 8.52 (s, 2H), 8.54 (d, J=7.5 Hz, 2H),8.80 (d, J=1.8 Hz, 2H)

¹³C-NMR (CDCl₃): δ21.6, 123.3, 126.3, 128.6, 129.4, 130.6, 133.7, 135.6,137.5, 138.5, 139.8, 169.2, 172.0

Example 4 Synthesis of2-{4,4″-bis(2-pyridyl)-[1,1′:3′,1″]-terphenyl-5′-yl}-4,6-di-m-tolyl-1,3,5-triazine

In a stream of argon, 3.51 g of 2-(4-bromophenyl)pyridine was dissolvedin 80 mL of tetrahydrofuran, and the solution was cooled to −78° C. Then10.0 mL of a solution in hexane of 15.8 mmol of butyllithum was gentlyadded to the cooled solution. The resultant mixture was stirred at −78°C. for 20 minutes. To this mixture, 4.55 g ofdichloro(tetramethylethylenediamine)zinc(II) was added. The resultantmixture was stirred at −78° C. for 10 minutes and then at roomtemperature for 2 hours.

To the thus-obtained solution, 2.48 g of2-(3,5-dibromophenyl)-4,6-di-m-tolyl-1,3,5-triazine, synthesized inReference Example 2, 0.05 g of tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0)and 40 mL of tetrahydrofuran were added, and the resultant mixture wasstirred under reflux for 17 hours. Then the reaction mixture wasconcentrated under a reduced pressure to give a solid. The solid wasrecrystallized from dichloromethane/methanol. The thus-obtained crudeproduct was purified by silica gel chromatography using ahexane/chloroform mixed liquid (1:2-chloroform) as an eluting liquid,and then again recrystallized from dichloromethane/methanol to give 2.98g of2-{4,4″-bis(2-pyridyl)-[1,1′:3′,1″]-terphenyl-5′-yl}-4,6-di-m-tolyl-1,3,5-triazineas a white solid (yield: 93%).

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃): δ2.54 (s, 6H), 7.27 (ddd, J=7.3, 4.8, 1.1 Hz, 2H)7.42-7.95 (m, 2H), 7.49 (dd, J=7.5, 7.5 Hz, 2H), 7.78-7.83 (m, 2H),7.83-7.87 (m, 2H), 7.94 (d, J=8.3 Hz, 4H), 8.14 (t, J=1.7 Hz, 1H), 8.20(d, J=8.3 Hz, 4H), 8.60 (s, 2H), 8.62 (d, J=7.5 Hz, 2H), 8.76 (brd,J=4.8 Hz, 2H), 9.04 (d, J=1.7 Hz, 2H)

¹³C-NMR (CDCl₃): δ21.7, 120.6, 122.3, 126.4, 126.9, 127.5, 127.9, 128.7,129.5, 129.9, 133.5, 136.2, 136.9, 137.7, 138.4, 138.9, 141.4, 141.9,149.9, 157.0, 171.5, 172.0

Example 5 Synthesis of2-{4,4″-bis(2-pyridyl)-[1,1′:4″″:3″,1′″:4′″,1″″]-quinquephenyl-5″-yl}-4,6-di-m-tolyl-1,3,5-triazine

In a stream of argon, 1.32 g of 4-bromo-4′-(2-pyridyl)biphenyl wasdissolved in 120 mL of tetrahydrofuran, and the solution was cooled to−78° C. Then, 2.9 mL of a solution in hexane of 4.5 mmol of butyllithumwas gently added to the cooled solution. The resultant mixture wasstirred at −78° C. for 20 minutes. To this mixture, 1.29 g ofdichloro(tetramethylethylenediamine)zinc(II) was added. The resultantmixture was stirred at −78° C. for 10 minutes and then at roomtemperature for 2 hours.

To the thus-obtained solution, 0.70 g of2-(3,5-dibromophenyl)-4,6-di-m-tolyl-1,3,5-triazine, synthesized inReference Example 2, and 0.035 g of tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) were added, and the resultant mixturewas stirred under reflux for 14 hours. Then the reaction mixture wasconcentrated under a reduced pressure to give a solid. The solid wasrecrystallized from dichloromethane/methanol. The thus-obtained crudeproduct was purified by silica gel chromatography using ahexane/chloroform mixed liquid (1:1-chloroform) as an eluting liquid,and then again recrystallized from toluene to give 0.97 g of2-{4,4″″-bis(2-pyridyl)-[1,1′:4′,1″:3″,1″:4′″,1″]-quinquephenyl-5″-yl}-4,6-di-m-tolyl-1,3,5-triazineas a white solid (yield: 86%).

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃); δ2.55 (s, 6H), 7.24-7.29 (m, 2H), 7.43-7.47 (m, 2H),7.50 (dd, J=7.5, 7.5 Hz, 2H), 7.76-7.84 (m, 4H), 7.84 (d, J=8.3 Hz, 4H),7.87 (d, J=8.3 Hz, 4H), 7.93 (d, =8.3 Hz, 4H), 8.12-8.17 (m, 1H), 8.15(d, J=8.3 Hz, 4H), 8.61 (s, 2H), 8.63 (d, J−7.5 Hz, 2H), 8.74 (brd,J=4.6 Hz, 2H), 9.04 (d, J=1.7 Hz, 2H)

¹³C-NMR (CDCl₃): δ21.7, 120.5, 122.2, 126.4, 126.7, 127.5, 127.7, 128.0,128.7, 129.5, 129.9, 133.5, 136.3, 136.8, 137.7, 138.4, 138.6, 140.0,140.1, 141.1, 141.9, 149.8, 157.1, 171.6, 172.0

Reference Example 3 Synthesis of2-(3,5-dibromophenyl)-4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazine

5.97 g of 3,5-dibromobenzoyl chloride and 4.12 g of benzonitrile weredissolved in 50 mL of chloroform. To the thus-obtained solution, 5.98 gof antimony pentachloride was dropwise added at 0° C. The resultantmixture was stirred at room temperature for 10 minutes, and thenrefluxed for 22 hours. Thereafter the mixture was cooled to roomtemperature, and then chloroform was distilled off under a reducedpressure. The thus-obtained2-(3,5-dibromophenyl)-4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-oxadiadinyl-1-iumhexachoroantimonate was gently added into 300 mL of a 28% aqueousammonia at 0° C. to give a white precipitate. The whiteprecipitate-containing liquid was stirred at room temperature for 1hour. The white precipitate was collected by filtration, and was washedwith water and then with methanol. The washed white precipitate wasdried and then 150 mL of chloroform was added. The thus-obtainedsuspension was stirred under reflux and then filtered to collect aninsoluble component. 100 mL of chloroform was added to the insolublecomponent, and then the mixture was stirred under reflux, followed byfiltration. These procedures of addition of chloroform, stirring underreflux, and filtration were repeated twice. All of the filtrates werecollected, chloroform was distilled off therefrom under a reducedpressure. The thus-obtained solid was recrystallized fromdichloromethane/methanol to give 6.32 g of2-(3,5-dibromophenyl)-4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazine as a white solid(yield: 68%).

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃): δ7.56-7.61 (m, 4H), 7.61-7.67 (m, 2H), 7.90 (t, J=1.8Hz, 1H), 8.72-8.78 (m, 4H), 8.82 (d, J=1.8 Hz, 2H)

¹³C-NMR (CDCl₃): δ123.4, 128.8, 129.1, 130.6, 133.0, 135.7, 137.6,139.8, 169.3, 172.0

Example 6 Synthesis of2,4-diphenyl-6-{4,4″-bis(2-pyridyl)-[1,1′:3′,1″]-terphenyl-5′-yl}-1,3,5-triazine

In a stream of argon, 2.81 g of 2-(4-bromophenyl)pyridine was dissolvedin 50 mL of tetrahydrofuran, and the solution was cooled to −78° C.Then, 8.2 mL of a solution in hexane of 13.0 mmol of butyllithum wasgently added to the cooled solution. The resultant mixture was stirredat −78° C. for 20 minutes. To this mixture, 3.64 g ofdichloro(tetramethylethylenediamine)zinc(II) was added. The resultantmixture was stirred at −78° C. for 10 minutes and then at roomtemperature for 2 hours.

To the thus-obtained solution, 1.87 g of2-(3,5-dibromophenyl)-4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazine, synthesized inReference Example 3, 0.046 g oftetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0), and 50 mL of tetrahydrofuranwere added, and the resultant mixture was stirred under reflux for 19hours. Then the reaction mixture was concentrated under a reducedpressure to give a solid. The solid was recrystallized fromdichloromethane/methanol. The thus-obtained crude product was purifiedby silica gel chromatography using a hexane/chloroform mixed liquid(1:2-chloroform) as an eluting liquid, and then again recrystallizedfrom dichloromethane/methanol and then from toluene to give 2.14 g of2,4-diphenyl-6-[4,4″-bis(2-pyridyl)-[1,1′:3′,1″]-terphenyl-5′-yl]-1,3,5-triazineas a white solid (yield: 87%).

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃); δ 7.25 (ddd, J=7.2, 4.8, 1.2 Hz, 2H), 7.57-7.67 (m, 6H),7.78-7.82 (m, 2H), 7.82-7.86 (m, 2H), 7.94 (d, J=8.3 Hz, 4H), 8.15 (t,J=1.7 Hz, 1H), 8.20 (d, J=8.3 Hz, 4H), 8.76 (brd, J=4.8 Hz, 2H),8.79-8.85 (m, 4H), 9.05 (d, J=1.7 Hz, 2H)

¹³C-NMR (CDCl₃): δ120.6, 122.3, 126.9, 127.5, 127.9, 128.8, 129.1,129.9, 132.7, 136.2, 136.9, 137.5, 138.9, 141.3, 141.9, 149.9, 157.0,171.5, 171.8

Reference Example 4 Synthesis of2-(3,5-dibromophenyl)-4,6-bis(4-tert-butylphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine

2.98 g of 3,5-dibromobenzoyl chloride and 3.18 g of4-tert-butylbenzonitrile were dissolved in 30 mL of chloroform. To thethus-obtained solution, 2.99 g of antimony pentachloride was dropwiseadded at 0° C. The resultant mixture was stirred at room temperature for10 minutes, and then refluxed for 17 hours. Thereafter the mixture wascooled to room temperature, and then chloroform was distilled off undera reduced pressure. The thus-obtained2-(3,5-dibromophenyl)-4,6-bis(4-tert-butylphenyl)-1,3,5-oxadiadinyl-1-iumhexachoroantimonate was gently added to 200 mid of a 28% aqueous ammoniaat 0° C. to give a white precipitate. The white precipitate-containingliquid was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. The white precipitatewas collected by filtration, and was washed with water and then withmethanol. The washed white precipitate was dried and then 150 mL ofchloroform was added. The thus-obtained suspension was stirred underreflux and then filtered to collect an insoluble component. 100 mL ofchloroform was added to the insoluble component, and then the mixturewas stirred under reflux, followed by filtration. All of the filtrateswere collected, chloroform was distilled of therefrom under a reducedpressure. The thus-obtained solid was recrystallized fromdichloromethane/methanol to give 4.46 g of2-(3,5-dibromophenyl)-4,6-bis(4-tert-butylphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine as awhite solid (yield: 77%).

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃): δ1.41 (s, 18H), 7.61 (d, J=8.5 Hz, 4H), 7.88 (t, J=1.8Hz, 1H), 8.65 (d, J=8.5 Hz, 4H), 8.80 (d, J=1.8 Hz, 2H)

¹³C-NMR (CDCl₃): δ31.2, 35.1, 123.3, 125.7, 128.9, 130.5, 133.1, 137.4,140.0, 156.5, 169.0, 171.8

Example 7 Synthesis of2,4-bis(4-tert-butylphenyl)-6-{4,4″-bis(2-pyridyl)-[1,1′:3′,1″]-terphenyl-5′-yl}-1,3,5-triazine

In a stream of argon, 2.81 g of 2-(4-bromophenyl)pyridine was dissolvedin 50 mL of tetrahydrofuran, and the solution was cooled to −78° C.Then, 8.2 mL of a solution in hexane of 13.0 mmol of butyllithum wasgently added to the cooled solution. The resultant mixture was stirredat −78° C. for 20 minutes. To this mixture, 3.64 g ofdichloro(tetramethylethylenediamine)zinc(II) was added. The resultantmixture was stirred at −78° C. for 10 minutes and then at roomtemperature for 2 hours.

To the thus-obtained solution, 2.32 g of2-(3,5-dibromophenyl)-4,6-bis(4-tert-butylphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine,synthesized in Reference Example 4, 0.046 g oftetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0), and 20 mL of tetrahydrofuranwere added, and the resultant mixture was stirred under reflux for 22hours. Then the reaction mixture was concentrated under a reducedpressure to give a solid. The solid was recrystallized fromdichloromethane/methanol. The thus-obtained crude product was purifiedby silica gel chromatography using a hexane/chloroform mixed liquid(1:2-1:3) as an eluting liquid, and then again recrystallized fromdichloromethane/methanol to give 2.59 g of2,4-bis(4-tert-butylphenyl)-6-{4,4″-bis(2-pyridyl)-[1,1′:3′,1″]-terphenyl-5′-yl}-1,3,5-triazineas a white solid (yield: 89%).

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃); δ1.42 (s, 18H), 7.25-7.30 (m, 2H), 7.62 (d, J=8.4 Hz,4H), 7.78-7.83 (m, 2H), 7.83-7.88 (m, 2H), 7.94 (d, J=8.2 Hz, 4H), 8.15(t, J=1.7 Hz, 1H), 8.20 (d, J=8.2 Hz, 4H), 8.73 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 4H), 8.76(brd, J=4.8 Hz, 2H), 9.05 (d, J=1.7 Hz, 2H)

¹³C-NMR (CDCl₃): δ31.3, 35.2, 120.5, 122.3, 125.7, 126.8, 127.5, 127.8,128.9, 129.7, 133.6, 136.8, 137.8, 138.8, 141.4, 141.8, 149.9, 156.2,157.0, 171.3, 171.7

Reference Example 5 Synthesis of2,4-bis(biphenyl-4-yl)-6-(3,5-dibromophenyl)-1,3,5-triazine

2.98 g of 3,5-dibromobenzoyl chloride and 3.58 g of4-biphenylcarbonitrile were dissolved in 40 mL of chloroform. To thethus-obtained solution, 2.99 g of antimony pentachloride was dropwiseadded at 0° C. The resultant mixture was stirred at room temperature for10 minutes, and then refluxed for 14 hours. Thereafter the mixture wascooled to room temperature, and then chloroform was distilled off undera reduced pressure. The thus-obtained2,4-bis(biphenyl-4-yl)-6-(3,5-dibromophenyl)-1,3,5-oxadiadinyl-1-iumhexachoroantimonate was gently added to 150 mL of a 28% aqueous ammoniaat 0° C. to give a white precipitate. The white precipitate-containingliquid was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. The white precipitatewas collected by filtration, and was washed with water and then withmethanol. The washed white precipitate was dried and then 200 mL ofchloroform was added. The thus-obtained suspension was stirred underreflux and then filtered to collect an insoluble component. 150 mL ofchloroform was added to the insoluble component, and then the mixturewas stirred under reflux, followed by filtration. These procedures ofaddition of chloroform, stirring under reflux, and filtration wererepeated twice. All of the filtrates were collected, chloroform wasdistilled off therefrom under a reduced pressure. The thus-obtainedsolid was recrystallized from dichloromethane/methanol to give 5.14 g of2,4-bis(biphenyl-4-yl)-6-(3,5-dibromophenyl)-1,3,5-triazine as a whitesolid (yield: 83%).

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃): δ7.40-7.45 (m, 2H), 7.49-7.54 (m, 4H), 7.70-7.75 (m,4H), 7.83 (d, J=8.5 Hz, 4H), 7.91 (t, J=1.8 Hz, 1H), 8.83 (d, J=8.5 Hz,4H), 8.85 (d, J=1.8 Hz, 2H)

¹³C-NMR (CDCl₃): δ123.4, 127.3, 127.5, 128.2, 129.0, 129.7, 130.7,134.7, 137.6, 139.9, 140.3, 145.7, 169.3, 171.8

Synthesis of2,4-diphenyl-6-[4,4″-bis(2-pyridyl)-[1,1′:3′,1″]-terphenyl-5′-yl]-1,3,5-triazineExample 8 Synthesis of2,4-bis(biphenyl-4-yl)-6-{4,4″-bis(2-pyridyl)-[1,1′:3′,1″]-terphenyl-5′-yl}-1,3,5-triazine

In a stream of argon, 2.11 g of 2-(4-bromophenyl)pyridine was dissolvedin 50 mL of tetrahydrofuran, and the solution was cooled to −78° C.Then, 6.0 mL of a solution in hexane of 9.5 mmol of butyllithum wasgently added to the cooled solution. The resultant mixture was stirredat −78° C. for 20 minutes. To this mixture, 2.73 g ofdichloro(tetramethylethylenediamine)zinc(II) was added. The resultantmixture was stirred at −78° C. for 10 minutes and then at roomtemperature for 2 hours.

To the thus-obtained solution, 1.86 g of2,4-bis(biphenyl-4-yl)-6-(3,5-dibromophenyl)-1,3,5-triazine, synthesizedin Reference Example 5, 0.069 g oftetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0), and 30 mL of tetrahydrofuranwere added, and the resultant mixture was stirred under reflux for 18hours. Then the reaction mixture was concentrated under a reducedpressure to give a solid. The solid was recrystallized fromdichloromethane/methanol. The thus-obtained crude product was subjectedto extraction using a Soxhlet extractor (extraction solvent:chloroform). The extracted liquid was left to stand at room temperature.The thus-precipitated solid was collected by filtration, and dried togive 1.33 g of2,4-bis(biphenyl-4-yl)-6-{4,4″-bis(2-pyridyl)-[1,1′:3′,1″]-terphenyl-5″-yl}-1,3,5-triazineas a white solid (Yield: 58%).

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃): δ7.23-7.33 (m, 2H), 7.40-7.45 (m, 2H), 7.49-7.55 (m,4H), 7.71-7.76 (m, 4H), 7.80-7.90 (m, 4H), 7.85 (d, J=8.5 Hz, 4H), 7.97(d, J=8.3 Hz, 4H), 8.18 (t, J=1.7 Hz, 1H), 8.23 (d, J=8.3 Hz, 4H), 8.77(brd, J=4.5 Hz, 2H), 8.91 (d, J=8.5 Hz, 4H), 9.09 (d, J=1.7 Hz, 2H)

Reference Example 6 Synthesis of2-(3,5-dibromophenyl)-4,6-bis(1-naphthyl)-1,3,5-triazine

2.98 g of 3,5-dibromobenzoyl chloride and 3.06 g of 1-naphthonitrilewere dissolved in 30 mL of chloroform. To the thus-obtained solution,2.99 g of antimony pentachloride was dropwise added at 0° C. Theresultant mixture was stirred at room temperature for 10 minutes, andthen refluxed for 22 hours. Thereafter the mixture was cooled to roomtemperature, and then chloroform was distilled off under a reducedpressure. The thus-obtained2-(3,5-dibromophenyl)-4,6-bis(1-naphthyl)-1,3,5-oxadiadinyl-1-iumhexachoroantimonate was gently added to 100 mL of a 28% aqueous ammoniaat 0° C. to give a white precipitate. The white precipitate-containingliquid was stirred at room temperature for 1 hour. The white precipitatewas collected by filtration, and was washed with water and then withmethanol. The washed white precipitate was dried and then purified bysilica gel chromatography using a hexane/chloroform mixed liquid(3:1-1:1) as an eluting liquid, and then recrystallized fromdichloromethane/methanol to give 1.73 g of2-(3,5-dibromophenyl)-4,6-bis(1-naphthyl)-1,3,5-triazine as a whitesolid (yield: 29%).

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃): δ7.60 (ddd, J=8.0, 6.8, 1.2 Hz, 2H), 7.65 (ddd, J=8.6,6.8, 1.5 Hz, 2H), 7.69 (dd, J=8.1, 7.4 Hz, 2H), 7.92 (t, J=1.8 Hz, 1H),7.99 (brd, J=8.0 Hz, 2H), 8.11 (brd, J=8.1 Hz, 2H), 8.58 (dd, J=7.4, 1.3Hz, 2H), 8.84 (d, J=1.8 Hz, 2H), 9.16 (brd, J=8.6 Hz, 2H)

¹³C-NMR (CDCl₃): δ123.6, 125.2, 125.9, 126.3, 127.5, 128.8, 130.7,131.1, 131.3, 132.8, 133.3, 134.3, 137.8, 139.7, 168.9, 174.5

Example 9 Synthesis of2,4-bis(1-naphthyl)-6-{4,4″-bis(2-pyridyl)-[1,1′:3′,1″]-terphenyl-5′-yl}-1,3,5-triazine

In a stream of argon, 1.40 g of 2-(4-bromophenyl)pyridine was dissolvedin 30 mL of tetrahydrofuran, and the solution was cooled to −78° C.Then, 4.0 mL of a solution in hexane of 6.3 mmol of butyllithum wasgently added to the cooled solution. The resultant mixture was stirredat −78° C. for 20 minutes. To this mixture, 1.82 g ofdichloro(tetramethylethylenediamine)zinc(II) was added. The resultantmixture was stirred at −78° C. for 10 minutes and then at roomtemperature for 2 hours.

To the thus-obtained solution, 1.13 g of2-(3,5-dibromophenyl)-4,6-bis(1-naphthyl)-1,3,5-triazine, synthesized inReference Example 6, 0.046 g oftetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0), and 30 mL of tetrahydrofuranwere added, and the resultant mixture was stirred under reflux for 19hours. Then the reaction mixture was concentrated under a reducedpressure to give a solid. The solid was recrystallized fromdichloromethane/methanol. The thus-obtained crude product was purifiedby silica gel chromatography using a hexane/chloroform mixed liquid(2:3-chloroform) as an eluting liquid. The purified product was againrecrystallized from dichloromethane/methanol and then sublimed to give1.12 g of2,4-bis(1-naphthyl)-6-{4,4″-bis(2-pyridyl)-[1,1′:3′,1″]-terphenyl-5′-yl}-1,3,5-triazineas a white solid (Yield: 78%).

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃): δ7.27 (ddd, J=7.1, 4.8, 1.4 Hz, 2H), 7.60 (ddd, J=8.0,6.8, 1.2 Hz, 2H), 7.66 (ddd, J=8.6, 6.8, 1.5 Hz, 2H), 7.69 (dd, J=8.1,7.2 Hz, 2H), 7.76-7.81 (m, 2H), 7.81-7.85 (m, 2H), 7.94 (d, J=8.5 Hz,4H), 7.99 (brd, J=8.0 Hz, 2H), 8.11 (brd, J=8.1 Hz, 2H), 8.18 (d, J=8.5Hz, 4H), 8.21 (t, J=1.7 Hz, 1H), 8.65 (dd, J=7.2, 1.2 Hz, 2H), 8.75(ddd, J=4.8, 1.7, 1.0 Hz, 2H), 9.11 (d, J=1.7 Hz, 2H), 9.33 (d, J=8.6Hz, 2H)

¹³C-NMR (CDCl₃): δ120.5, 122.2, 125.2, 126.2, 126.8, 127.3, 127.5,127.7, 128.8, 130.0, 131.0, 131.4, 132.6, 133.7, 134.3, 136.8, 137.4,138.8, 141.0, 141.9, 149.8, 156.9, 171.1, 174.3

Reference Example 7 Synthesis of2-(3,5-dibromophenyl)-4,6-bis(biphenyl-3-yl)-1,3,5-triazine

4.1 g of 3,5-dibromobenzoyl chloride and 5.0 g of 3-phenylbenzonitrilewere dissolved in 100 mL of chloroform in an argon atmosphere. To thethus-obtained solution, 4.2 g of antimony pentachloride was dropwiseadded at 0° C. The resultant mixture was stirred at room temperature for1 hour, and then refluxed for 12 hours. Thereafter the mixture wascooled to room temperature, and then low boiling point components wereremoved under a reduced pressure to give2-(3,5-dibromophenyl)-4,6-bis(biphenyl-3-yl)-oxa-3,5-diadiniumhexachoroantimonate(V) as a red solid. The red solid was pulverized intoa powder in a stream of argon, and the powder was gently added to a 28%aqueous ammonia at 0° C. The thus-obtained suspension was stirred atroom temperature for 1 hour. The thus-precipitated solid was collectedby filtration, and was washed with water and then with methanol. Thewashed solid was dried and then subjected to extraction using a Soxhletextractor (extraction solvent: chloroform). The extracted liquid wasleft to stand at room temperature. The thus-precipitated solid wascollected by filtration, and dried to give 2.8 g of2-(3,5-dibromophenyl)-4,6-bis(biphenyl-3-yl)-1,3,5-triazine as a whitepowder (yield: 32%).

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃): δ7.46 (brt, J=7.4 Hz, 2H), 7.52-7.58 (m, 4H), 7.67 (dd,J=7.8, 7.7 Hz, 2H), 7.76 (brd, J=7.7 Hz, 4H), 7.86 (d, J=7.7 Hz, 2H),7.90 (brd, 1H), 8.72 (d, J=7.8 Hz, 2H), 8.81 (d, J=1.8 Hz, 2H), 8.95 (s,2H)

¹³C-NMR (CDCl₃): δ123.4, 127.4, 127.7, 127.8, 128.1, 130.7, 131.7,136.2, 137.7, 139.7, 140.7, 141.9, 169.4, 172.0

Example 10 Synthesis of2,4-bis(biphenyl-3-yl)-6-{4,4″-bis(2-pyridyl)-[1,1′:3′,1″]-terphenyl-5′-yl}-1,3,5-triazine

In a stream of argon, 1.38 g of 2-(4-bromophenyl)pyridine was dissolvedin 100 mL of tetrahydrofuran, and the solution was cooled to −78° C.Then, 3.99 mL of a solution in hexane of 6.30 mmol of butyllithum wasgently added to the cooled solution. The resultant mixture was stirredat that temperature for 30 minutes. To this mixture, 1.82 g ofdichloro(tetramethylethylenediamine)zinc(II) was added. The resultantmixture was stirred at −78° C. for 10 minutes and then at roomtemperature for 1.5 hours.

To the thus-obtained solution, 1.24 g of2-(3,5-dibromophenyl)-4,6-bis(biphenyl-3-yl)-1,3,5-triazine, synthesizedin Reference Example 7, and 0.185 g oftetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) were added, and the resultantmixture was refluxed under heating for 18 hours. Then the reactionmixture was left to stand at room temperature. Then the reaction mixturewas concentrated under a reduced pressure to give a solid. The solid wasrecrystallized from dichloromethane/methanol. The thus-obtained crudeproduct was purified by silica gel chromatography using ahexane/chloroform mixed liquid (50:50-0:100) as a developing solvent.The purified product was again recrystallized from hot toluene to give1.08 g of2,4-bis(biphenyl-3-yl)-6-{4,4″-bis(2-pyridyl)-[1,1′:3′,1″]-terphenyl-5′-yl}-1,3,5-triazineas a white solid (Yield: 70%).

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃): δ7.30-7.35 (m, 2H), 7.43-7.49 (m, 2H), 7.56 (dd, J=7.8,7.6 Hz, 4H), 7.72 (dd, J=7.7, 7.7 Hz, 2H), 7.80 (d, J=7.8 Hz, 4H),7.82-7.93 (m, 6H), 7.98 (d, J=8.3 Hz, 4H), 8.21 (t, J=1.7 Hz, 1H), 8.23(d, J=8.3 Hz, 4H), 8.79 (d, J=4.9 Hz, 2H), 8.83 (d, J=7.7 Hz, 2H), 9.09(s, 2H), 9.10 (d, J=1.7 Hz, 2H)

¹³C-NMR (CDCl₃): δ120.6, 122.3, 126.9, 127.4, 127.6, 127.7, 127.8,127.8, 128.1, 129.0, 129.3, 130.1, 131.4, 136.8, 136.9, 137.6, 138.9,140.8, 141.3, 141.8, 141.9, 149.9, 157.0, 171.7, 171.9

Example 11 Synthesis of2-[3,5-di(pyridin-2-yl)phenyl]-4,6-di-m-tolyl-1,3,5-triazine

In a stream of argon, 2.37 g of 2-bromopyridine was dissolved in 100 mLof tetrahydrofuran, and the solution was cooled to −78° C. Then, 20.4 mLof a solution in hexane of 32.0 mmol of tert-butyllithum was gentlyadded to the cooled solution. The resultant mixture was stirred at −78°C. for 20 minutes. To this mixture, 4.54 g ofdichloro(tetramethylethylenediamine)zinc(II) was added. The resultantmixture was stirred at −78° C. for 10 minutes and then at roomtemperature for 2 hours.

To the thus-obtained solution, 2.48 g of2-(3,5-dibromophenyl)-4,6-di-m-tolyl-1,3,5-triazine, synthesized inReference Example 2, and 0.231 g oftetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) were added, and the resultantmixture was stirred under reflux for 22 hours. Then the reactionsolution was concentrated under a reduced pressure to give a solid. Thesolid was recrystallized from dichloromethane/methanol. Thethus-obtained crude product was purified by silica gel chromatographyusing a hexane/chloroform mixed liquid (1:3-0:100) as an eluting liquid,and then again recrystallized from dichloromethane/methanol to give 1.01g of 2-[3,5-di(pyridin-2-yl)phenyl]-4,6-di-m-tolyl-1,3,5-triazine as awhite solid (yield: 41%).

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃): δ2.46 (s, 6H), 7.24 (ddd, J=7.6, 4.7, 0.8 Hz, 2H), 7.35(m, 2H), 7.41 (dd, J=7.5, 7.5 Hz, 2H), 7.78 (ddd, J=7.8, 7.6, 1.8 Hz,2H), 7.93 (brd, J=7.8 Hz, 2H), 8.53 (s, 2H), 8.55 (d, J=7.5 Hz, 2H),8.73 (brd, J=4.7 Hz, 2H), 8.86 (t, J=1.7 Hz, 1H), 9.31 (d, J=1.7 Hz, 2H)

¹³C-NMR (CDCl₃): δ21.7, 121.1, 122.6, 126.4, 127.9, 128.6, 129.6, 129.8,133.4, 136.3, 136.9, 137.7, 138.4, 140.7, 149.9, 157.0, 171.5, 171.9

Example 12 Manufacture of an Organic Electroluminescent DeviceComprising2-{4,4″-bis(2-pyridyl)-[1,1′:3′,1″]-terphenyl-5′-yl}-4,6-di-m-tolyl-1,3,5-triazine,and Evaluation of the Properties Thereof

A glass substrate with an indium-tin oxide (ITO) transparent electrodewas prepared, which had a stripe pattern comprised of ITO film with a 2mm width. The substrate was washed with isopropyl alcohol and thensurface-treated by irradiation of ultraviolet rays and generation ofozone. Using the surface-treated substrate, an organicelectroluminescent device with an emitting area of 4 mm² having amultilayer structure as shown in FIG. 1 was manufactured as follows.Each layer was formed by vacuum deposition. The glass substrate wasplaced in a vacuum deposition chamber, and the inner pressure wasreduced to 1.0×10⁻⁴ Pa. On the glass substrate 1, organic compoundlayers, i.e., a hole injection layer 2, a hole transport layer 3, anemitting layer 4 and an electron transport layer 5 were formed in thisorder. Further a cathode layer 6 was formed. The hole injection layer 2was formed by vacuum-depositing phtalocyanine copper (II), previouslypurified by sublimation, into a thickness of 25 nm. The hole transportlayer 3 was formed by vacuum-depositingN,N′-di(naphthylen-1-yl)-N,N′-diphenylbenzidine (NPD) into a thicknessof 45 nm.

The emitting layer 4 was formed by vacuum-depositing a mixture of 99 wt.% of 4,4′-bis(2,2-diphenyl-ethen-1-yl)diphenyl (DPVBi) and 1 wt. % of4,4′-bis[4-(di-p-tolylamino)styryl]biphenyl (DPAVBi) into a thickness of40 nm. The electron transport layer 5 was formed by vacuum-depositing2-(4,4″-bis(2-pyridyl)-[1,1′:3′,1″]-terphenyl-5′-yl)-4,6-di-m-tolyl-1,3,5-triazine,synthesized in Example 4, into a thickness of 20 nm.

The vacuum deposition of each organic material was conducted bysubjecting each organic material to electric resistance heating to forma thin film, and vacuum depositing the hot thin film at a depositionrate of 0.3 to 0.5 nm/sec.

Then, a metal mask was arranged so as to be orthogonal to the ITO stripeand a cathode layer 6 was vacuum-deposited. The vacuum deposition of thecathode layer 6 was conducted so as to have a double layer structurecomprising a lithium fluoride layer with a thickness of 0.5 nm and analuminum layer with a thickness of 100 nm. The measurement of thicknessof each organic material thin film layer was conducted by stylusprofilometer (“DEKTAK”).

Finally the thus-obtained assembly of multi-layers was encapsulated witha glass cap and ultraviolet ray-curable epoxy resin (available fromNagase Chemtex Corporator). The encapsulation was conducted in anitrogen atmosphere having an oxygen-and-moisture content of below 1 ppmwithin a glove box.

Luminous properties of the thus-manufactured organic electroluminescentdevice were evaluated by applying a direct current using a luminancemeter BM-9 available from Topcon Corporation. The luminous properties asmeasured at a current density of 20 mA/cm² were as follows. Voltage 5.4V, luminance 1,529 cd/m², current efficiency 7.7 cd/A, power efficiency4.5 lm/W. Luminance half-life of the device was 83 hours with a voltageincrease of +1.9 V.

Example 13

By the same procedures as adopted in Example 12, an organicelectroluminescent device was manufactured except that an emitting layer4 was formed by vacuum-depositing tris(8-quinolinolato)aluminum (III)(Alq) into a thickness of 40 nm instead of the emitting layer formed inExample 12.

The device exhibited a voltage of 4.7 V, a luminance of 839 cd/m², acurrent efficiency of 4.2 cd/A, and a power efficiency of 2.8 lm/W.Luminance half-life of the device was 2,800 hours with a voltageincrease of +1.2 V.

Example 14

By the same procedures as adopted in Example 12, an organicelectroluminescent device was manufactured except that an electrontransport layer 5 was formed by vacuum-depositing2,4-diphenyl-6-{4,4″-bis(2-pyridyl)-[1,1′:3′,1″]-terphenyl-5′-yl}-1,3,5-triazine,synthesized in Example 6, into a thickness of 20 nm instead of theelectron transport layer formed in Example 12.

The device exhibited a voltage of 5.9 V, a luminance of 1,136 cd/m², acurrent efficiency of 5.7 cd/A, and a power efficiency of 3.8 lm/W.Luminance half-life of the device was 64 hours with a voltage increaseof +1.8 V.

Example 15

By the same procedures as adopted in Example 13, an organicelectroluminescent device was manufactured except that an electrontransport layer 5 was formed by vacuum-depositing2,4-diphenyl-6-{4,4″-bis(2-pyridyl)-[1,1′:3′,1″]-terphenyl-5′-yl}-1,3,5-triazineinto a thickness of 20 nm instead of the electron transport layer formedin Example 13.

The device exhibited a voltage of 4.5 V, a luminance of 797 cd/m², acurrent efficiency of 4.0 cd/A, and a power efficiency of 2.8 lm/W.Luminance half-life of the device was 2,500 hours with a voltageincrease of +1.2 V.

Example 16

By the same procedures as adopted in Example 12, an organicelectroluminescent device was manufactured except that an electrontransport layer 5 was formed by vacuum-depositing2,4-bis(biphenyl-4-yl)-6-{4,4″-bis(2-pyridyl)-[1,1′:3′,1″]-terphenyl-5′-yl}-1,3,5-triazine,synthesized in Example 8, into a thickness of 20 nm instead of theelectron transport layer formed in Example 12.

The device exhibited a voltage of 6.4 V, a luminance of 1,193 cd/m², acurrent efficiency of 5.9 cd/A, and a power efficiency of 3.0 μm/W.Luminance half-life of the device was 57 hours with a voltage increaseof +1.9 V.

Example 17

By the same procedures as adopted in Example 13, an organicelectroluminescent device was manufactured except that an electrontransport layer 5 was formed by vacuum-depositing2,4-bis(biphenyl-4-yl)-6-{4,4″-bis(2-pyridyl)-[1,1′:3′,1″]-terphenyl-5′-yl}-1,3,5-triazineinto a thickness of 20 nm instead of the electron transport layer formedin Example 13.

The device exhibited a voltage of 4.3 V, a luminance of 823 cd/m², acurrent efficiency of 4.1 cd/A, and a power efficiency of 3.0 lm/W.Luminance half-life of the device was 2,500 hours with a voltageincrease of +1.7 V.

Comparative Example 1

By the same procedures as adopted in Example 12, an organicelectroluminescent device was manufactured except that an electrontransport layer 5 with a thickness of 20 nm was formed byvacuum-depositing tris(8-quinolinolato)aluminum (III) (Alq), which isthe conventional electron transport material, instead of2-{4,4″-bis(2-pyridyl)-[1,1′:3′,1″]-terphenyl-5′-yl}-4,6-di-m-tolyl-1,3,5-triazineused in Example 12.

The device exhibited a voltage of 6.9 V, a luminance of 1,223 cd/m², acurrent efficiency of 6.1 cd/A, and a power efficiency of 2.8 lm/W.Luminance half-life of the device was 53 hours with a voltage increaseof +3.1 V.

Comparative Example 2

By the same procedures as adopted in Example 13, an organicelectroluminescent device was manufactured except that an electrontransport layer 5 with a thickness of 20 nm was formed byvacuum-depositing tris(8-quinolinolato)aluminum (III) (Alq), which isthe conventional electron transport material, instead of2-{4,4″-bis(2-pyridyl)-[1,1′:3′,1″]-terphenyl-5′-yl}-4,6-di-m-tolyl-1,3,5-triazineused in Example 13.

The device exhibited a voltage of 5.4 V, a luminance of 857 cd/m², acurrent efficiency of 4.3 cd/A, and a power efficiency of 2.5 lm/W.Luminance half-life of the device was 1,785 hours with a voltageincrease of +2.5 V.

Example 18 Synthesis of2,4-bis(2-naphthyl)-6-{4,4″-bis(2-pyridyl)-[1,1′:3′,1″]-terphenyl-5′-yl}-1,3,5-triazine

In a stream of argon, 1.40 g of 2-(4-bromophenyl)pyridine was dissolvedin 30 mL of tetrahydrofuran, and the solution was cooled to −78° C.Then, 3.9 mL of a solution in hexane of 6.30 mmol of butyllithum wasgently added to the cooled solution. The resultant mixture was stirredat −78° C. for 20 minutes. To this mixture, 1.82 g ofdichloro(tetramethylethylenediamine)zinc(II) was added. The resultantmixture was stirred at −78° C. for 10 minutes and then at roomtemperature for 2 hours.

To the thus-obtained solution, 1.13 g of2-(3,5-dibromophenyl)-4,6-bis(2-naphthyl)-1,3,5-triazine and 0.046 g oftetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0), and 50 mL of tetrahydrofuranwere added, and the resultant mixture was stirred under reflux for 15hours. Then the reaction mixture was concentrated under a reducedpressure to give a solid. The solid was recrystallized fromdichloromethane/methanol. The thus-obtained crude product was purifiedby silica gel chromatography using a hexane/chloroform mixed liquid(1:1-chloroform) as an eluting liquid. The purified product was againrecrystallized from dichloromethane/methanol to give 1.15 g of2,4-bis(2-naphthyl)-6-{4,4″-bis(2-pyridyl)-[1,1′:3′,1″]-terphenyl-5′-yl}-1,3,5-triazineas a white solid (Yield: 80%).

¹H-HMR (CDCl₃): δ7.32 (ddd, J=7.3, 4.8, 1.1 Hz, 2H), 7.60-7.68 (m, 4H),7.82-7.87 (m, 2H), 7.88-7.91 (m, 2H), 7.97-8.01 (m, 2H), 8.01 (d, J=8.3Hz, 4H), 8.09 (brd, J=8.6 Hz, 2H), 8.16-8.20 (m, 2H), 8.21 (t, J=1.7 Hz,1H), 8.26 (d, J=8.3 Hz, 4H), 8.81 (brd, J=4.8 Hz, 2H), 8.93 (dd, J=8.6,1.6 Hz, 2H), 9.16 (d, J=1.7 Hz, 2H), 9.43 (brs, 2H).

¹³C-NMR (CDCl₃): δ120.6, 122.3, 125.3, 126.5, 126.9, 127.6, 127.9,128.0, 128.5, 129.8, 130.0, 130.2, 133.2, 133.6, 135.8, 136.9, 137.6,138.8, 141.4, 141.8, 149.9, 157.0, 171.5, 171.8.

Example 19 Synthesis of2,4-bis-biphenyl-3-yl-6-[3,5-bis(2-pyridyl)phenyl]-1,3,5-triazine

In a stream of argon, 11.2 mL of a solution in pentane of 17.7 mmol oftert-butyllithum was gently added to 40 mL of tetrahydrofuran,previously cooled to −78° C. To this solution, 1.37 g of 2-bromopyridinewas dropwise added. The resultant mixture was stirred at −78° C. for 30minutes. To this mixture, 2.63 g ofdichloro(tetramethylethylenediamine)zinc(II) was added. The resultantmixture was stirred at −78° C. for 10 minutes and then at roomtemperature for 2 hours.

To the thus-obtained solution, 1.78 g of2,4-bis(biphenyl-3-yl)-6-(3,5-dibromophenyl)-1,3,5-triazine and 0.069 gof tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0), dissolved in 20 mL oftetrahydrofuran, were added, and the resultant mixture was stirred underreflux for 15 hours. Then the reaction mixture was concentrated under areduced pressure to give a solid. The solid was recrystallized fromdichloromethane/methanol. The thus-obtained crude product was purifiedby silica gel chromatography using a hexane/chloroform mixed liquid(1:1-chloroform) as an eluting liquid. The purified product was againrecrystallized from dichloromethane/methanol to give 1.16 g of2,4-bis-biphenyl-3-yl-6-[3,5-bis(2-pyridyl)phenyl]-1,3,5-triazine as awhite solid (Yield: 65%).

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃): δ7.31 (brdd, J=7.3, 4.9 Hz, 2H), 7.40-7.46 (m, 2H),7.49-7.56 (m, 4H), 7.64 (brdd, J=7.7, 7.7 Hz, 2H), 7.74-7.79 (m, 4H),7.80-7.87 (m, 4H), 7.98 (brd, J=7.7 Hz, 2H), 8.75-8.82 (m, 4H), 8.93 (t,J=1.7 Hz, 1H), 9.04 (brdd, J=1.6, 1.6 Hz, 2H), 9.40 (d, J=1.7 Hz, 2H).

¹³C-NMR (CDCl₃): δ121.3, 122.6, 127.4, 127.7, 127.8, 127.9, 128.1,129.0, 129.2, 129.8, 131.3, 136.7, 136.9, 137.3, 140.6, 140.8, 141.6,149.9, 156.8, 171.5, 171.7.

Example 20

By the same procedures as adopted in Example 12, an organicelectroluminescent device was manufactured except that an electrontransport layer 5 was formed by vacuum-depositing2,4-bis(4-tert-butylphenyl)-6-{4,4″-bis(2-pyridyl)-[1,1′:3′,1″]-terphenyl-5′-yl}-1,3,5-triazine,synthesized in Example 7, into a thickness of 20 nm instead of theelectron transport layer formed in Example 12.

The device exhibited a voltage of 5.7 V, a luminance of 2,150 cd/m², acurrent efficiency of 10.2 cd/A, and a power efficiency of 5.7 lm/W.Luminance half-life of the device was 103 hours with a voltage increaseof +1.9 V.

Example 21

By the same procedures as adopted in Example 13, an organicelectroluminescent device was manufactured except that an electrontransport layer 5 was formed by vacuum-depositing2,4-bis(4-tert-butylphenyl)-6-{4,4″-bis(2-pyridyl)-[1,1′:3′,1″]-terphenyl-5′-yl}-1,3,5-triazineinto a thickness of 20 nm instead of the electron transport layer formedin Example 13.

The device exhibited a voltage of 5.0 V, a luminance of 989 cd/m², acurrent efficiency of 4.9 cd/A, and a power efficiency of 3.1 lm/W.Luminance half-life of the device was 3,500 hours with a voltageincrease of +1.5 V.

Example 22

By the same procedures as adopted in Example 12, an organicelectroluminescent device was manufactured except that an electrontransport layer 5 was formed by vacuum-depositing2-{4,4″″-bis(2-pyridyl)-[1,1′:4′,1″:3″,1′″:4′″,1″″]-quinquephenyl-5″-yl}-4,6-di-m-tolyl-1,3,5-triazine,synthesized in Example 5, into a thickness of 20 nm instead of theelectron transport layer formed in Example 12.

The device exhibited a voltage of 5.4 V, a luminance of 961 cd/m, acurrent efficiency of 5.9 cd/A, and a power efficiency of 3.0 lm/W.Luminance half-life of the device was 55 hours with a voltage increaseof +1.7 V.

Example 23

By the same procedures as adopted in Example 13, an organicelectroluminescent device was manufactured except that an electrontransport layer 5 was formed by vacuum-depositing2-{4,4″-bis(2-pyridyl)-[1,1′:4′,1″:3′″,1′″:4′″,1″″]-quinquephenyl-5″-yl}-4,6-di-m-tolyl-1,3,5-triazineinto a thickness of 20 nm instead of the electron transport layer formedin Example 13.

The device exhibited a voltage of 4.4 V, a luminance of 912 cd/m², acurrent efficiency of 4.6 cd/A, and a power efficiency of 2.9 lm/W.Luminance half-life of the device was 2,400 hours with a voltageincrease of +1.5 V.

Example 24

By the same procedures as adopted in Example 12, an organicelectroluminescent device was manufactured except that an electrontransport layer 5 was formed by vacuum-depositing2,4-bis(1-naphthyl)-6-{4,4″-bis(2-pyridyl)-[1,1′:3′,1″]-terphenyl-5′-yl}-1,3,5-triazine,synthesized in Example 9, into a thickness of 20 nm instead of theelectron transport layer formed in Example 12.

The device exhibited a voltage of 6.4 V, a luminance of 1, 992 cd/m², acurrent efficiency of 9.0 cd/A, and a power efficiency of 4.8 lm/W.Luminance half-life of the device was 108 hours with a voltage increaseof +1.5 V.

Example 25

By the same procedures as adopted in Example 13, an organicelectroluminescent device was manufactured except that an electrontransport layer 5 was formed by vacuum-depositing2,4-bis(1-naphthyl)-6-{4,4″-bis(2-pyridyl)-[1,1′:3′,1″]-terphenyl-5′-yl}-1,3,5-triazineinto a thickness of 20 nm instead of the electron transport layer formedin Example 13.

The device exhibited a voltage of 4.9 V, luminance of 957 cd/m², acurrent efficiency of 4.8 cd/A, and a power efficiency of 3.0 lm/W.Luminance half-life of the device was 2,500 hours with a voltageincrease of +1.4 V.

Example 26

By the same procedures as adopted in Example 12, an organicelectroluminescent device was manufactured except that an electrontransport layer 5 was formed by vacuum-depositing2,4-bis(biphenyl-3-yl)-6-{4,4″-bis(2-pyridyl)-[1,1′:3′,1″]-terphenyl-5′-yl}-1,3,5-triazine,synthesized in Example 10, into a thickness of 20 nm instead of theelectron transport layer formed in Example 12.

The device exhibited a voltage of 6.0 V, a luminance of 1,780 cd/m², acurrent efficiency of 8.0 cd/A, and a power efficiency of 4.0 lm/W.Luminance half-life of the device was 58 hours with a voltage increaseof +1.6 V.

Example 27

By the same procedures as adopted in Example 13, an organicelectroluminescent device was manufactured except that an electrontransport layer 5 was formed by vacuum-depositing2,4-bis(biphenyl-3-yl)-6-{4,4″-bis(2-pyridyl)-[1,1′:3′,1″]-terphenyl-5′-yl}-1,3,5-triazineinto a thickness of 20 nm instead of the electron transport layer formedin Example 13.

The device exhibited a voltage of 4.2 V, a luminance of 886 cd/m², acurrent efficiency of 3.8 cd/A, and a power efficiency of 2.9 lm/W.Luminance half-life of the device was 2,300 hours with a voltageincrease of +1.2 V.

Example 28

By the same procedures as adopted in Example 12, an organicelectroluminescent device was manufactured except that an electrontransport layer 5 was formed by vacuum-depositing2,4-bis(2-naphthyl)-6-{4,4″-bis(2-pyridyl)-[1,1′:3′,1″]-terphenyl-5′-yl}-1,3,5-triazine,synthesized in Example 18, into a thickness of 20 nm instead of theelectron transport layer formed in Example 12.

The device exhibited a voltage of 6.6 V, a luminance of 1,940 cd/m², acurrent efficiency of 9.7 cd/A, and a power efficiency of 4.3 lm/W.Luminance half-life of the device was 89 hours with a voltage increaseof +1.6 V.

Example 29

By the same procedures as adopted in Example 13, an organicelectroluminescent device was manufactured except that an electrontransport layer 5 was formed by vacuum-depositing2,4-bis(2-naphthyl)-6-{4,4″-bis(2-pyridyl)-[1,1′:3′,1″]-terphenyl-5′-yl}-1,3,5-triazineinto a thickness of 20 nm instead of the electron transport layer formedin Example 13.

The device exhibited a voltage of 4.4 V, a luminance of 835 cd/m², acurrent efficiency of 4.2 cd/A, and a power efficiency of 3.0 lm/W.Luminance half-life of the device was 3,100 hours with a voltageincrease of +1.5 V.

Example 30

By the same procedures as adopted in Example 12, an organicelectroluminescent device was manufactured except that an electrontransport layer 5 was formed by vacuum-depositing2,4-bis-biphenyl-3-yl-6-[3,5-bis(2-pyridyl)-phenyl]-1,3,5-triazine,synthesized in Example 19, into a thickness of 20 nm instead of theelectron transport layer formed in Example 12.

The device exhibited a voltage of 5.8 V, a luminance of 2,240 cd/m², acurrent efficiency of 9.9 cd/A, and a power efficiency of 5.7 lm/W.Luminance half-life of the device was 79 hours with a voltage increaseof +1.9 V.

Example 31

By the same procedures as adopted in Example 13, an organicelectroluminescent device was manufactured except that an electrontransport layer 5 was formed by vacuum-depositing2,4-bis-biphenyl-3-yl-6-[3,5-bis(2-pyridyl)-phenyl]-1,3,5-triazine intoa thickness of 20 nm instead of the electron transport layer formed inExample 13.

The device exhibited a voltage of 4.9 V, a luminance of 915 cd/m², acurrent efficiency of 4.6 cd/A, and a power efficiency of 3.0 lm/W.Luminance half-life of the device was 2,400 hours with a voltageincrease of +1.7 V.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY

A film comprised of a phenyl-substituted 1,3,5-triazine compoundaccording to the present invention has outstanding properties in surfacesmoothness, amorphousness, heat resistance, electron transportability,hole blocking capability, resistance to oxidation and reduction,moisture resistance, oxygen resistance and electron injection property.Therefore, said film is useful as a material for an organicelectroluminescent device, especially as a material for an electrontransport layer, a hole blocking layer and a light emitting host layerof an organic electroluminescent device.

An electroluminescent device comprising the phenyl-substituted1,3,5-triazine compound exhibits a sufficiently reduced driving voltageand a high efficiency, a long service life, and a minimized increase involtage, as shown in the working examples mentioned above. Utilizingthese outstanding properties, the organic electroluminescent device hasa wide use including, for example, a display panel and a luminaire. Theorganic electroluminescent is expected to exhibit beneficial effectssuch as, for example, a reduction of power consumption, leading tominimization in deterioration of a battery; an enhanced efficiencyleading to minimization in heat build-up; prolongation in service life;and a minimized increase in voltage, leading to reduction in load ondriving circuits.

1. An organic electroluminescent device comprising a phenyl-substituted1,3,5-triazine compound of formula (1):

wherein: Ar² and Ar² each independently represent a phenyl group, anaphthyl group, or a biphenylyl group, wherein these groups may have oneor more substituents selected from an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbonatoms and a trifluoromethyl group; R¹, R², and R³ each independentlyrepresent a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; X¹ and X² eachindependently represent a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, or apyridylene group, wherein these groups may have one or more substituentsselected from an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and a fluorineatom; p and q each independently represent an integer in the range of 0to 2, wherein, when p is 2, the adjacent X¹s may be the same ordifferent, and when q is 2, the adjacent X²s may be the same ordifferent; and Ar³ and Ar⁴ each independently represent a pyridyl groupwhich may have one or more substituents selected from an alkyl grouphaving 1 to 4 carbon atoms and a fluorine atom, or a phenyl group whichmay have one or more substituents selected from an alkyl group having 1to 4 carbon atoms and a fluorine atom.
 2. The organic electroluminescentdevice according to claim 1, wherein either one or both of Ar³ and Ar⁴represent a pyridyl group which may have one or more substituentsselected from an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and a fluorineatom.